水稻低温发芽力QTL qLTG3-1基因内分子标记的开发及其在华南籼稻中的应用评价  

Development of Intragenic Molecular Marker in QTL qLTG3-1 Related to Low Temperature Germinability of Rice and Evaluation of Its Application in Indica Rice of South China

作　　者：杨梯丰[1] 张子怡 董景芳[1] 周炼 张少红[1] 刘斌[1] 赵均良[1] YANG Tifeng;ZHANG Ziyi;DONG Jingfang;ZHOU Lian;ZHANG Shaohong;LIU Bin;ZHAO Junliang(Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology for Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/广东省水稻工程实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2021年第10期32-41,共10页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32072047);广东省自然科学基金(2020A1515011051);广州市科技计划项目(201804020078);广东省科技计划国际合作项目(2021A0505030048);广东省农业科学院院长基金(202016)。

摘　　要：【目的】挖掘低温发芽力优异基因并加以应用,将是水稻低温发芽力育种取得突破的关键。找到功能基因后,利用连锁或基因内的分子标记开展分子标记辅助选择,将极大提高育种过程中性状选择的效率和准确性。【方法】qLTG3-1(Os03g0103300)是最早被克隆的低温发芽力QTL,存在丰富的等位基因变异。设计合适的分子标记对该基因进行分型,并评价其基因型在华南籼稻中与低温发芽力的关系,将有利于在华南稻区利用该基因开展低温发芽力的分子育种。【结果】依据在qLTG3-1中广泛存在的18 bp变异,设计了基因内分子标记Gltg3-1,该标记能特异区分qLTG3-1等位基因之间的18 bp差异;利用该标记对111份华南籼稻进行基因型鉴定,扩增结果为D带型(有18 bp缺失)有51份,R带型(无18 bp缺失)有53份,还有7份为杂合型。依据带型将水稻品种/系分为2组,统计2组品种/系的低温发芽力差异,结果表明组间无显著差异。由于在籼稻中无法根据qLTG3-1的18 bp变异判定低温发芽力的强弱,因此在水稻品种改良中需要对不同供体来源的qLTG3-1等位基因的效应进行评价。通过对单片段代换系的低温发芽力鉴定发现,来源于南洋占的qLTG3-1能显著提高华粳籼74的低温发芽力。【结论】在qLTG3-1中广泛存在的18 bp变异与低温发芽力无对应关系;来源于南洋占的qLTG3-1可用于提高水稻低温发芽力的改良,用分子标记Gltg3-1可以在杂交后代中准确地选择目标基因。【Objective】Exploring excellent genes for low temperature germinability in rice and applying these genes to perform molecular breeding will be the key to make a breakthrough in rice breeding for low temperature germinability.After finding the functional gene,molecular markers linked to the target gene or within the target gene are used to carry out molecular marker-assisted selection,which will greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of target trait selection in the breeding process.【Method】qLTG3-1(Os03g0103300)is the first cloned QTL related to low te mperature germinability,which has abundant allelic variations.Designing appropriate molecular markers to type the gene and evaluating the relationship between its genotype and low temperature germinability in indica rice will facilitate the use of this gene in molecular breeding of low temperature germinability in rice regions of South China.【Result】Based on the 18 bp variation widely existing in the qLTG3-1,an intragenic molecular marker Gltg3-1 was designed,which could specifically distinguish the 18 bp variation between the qLTG3-1 alleles.111 indica rice of South China were genotyped by using this marker.The amplification results showed that 51 were of D-band type(with 18 bp deletion),53 were of R-band type(without 18 bp deletion)and 7 were heterozygous.The rice varieties/lines were divided into 2 groups according to the band patterns,and there was no significant difference in low temperature germinability between the two groups.In indica rice,it is impossible to judge the strength and weakness of low temperature germinability according to the 18 bp variation of qLTG3-1.Therefore,it is necessary to evaluate the effects of qLTG3-1 alleles from different sources in rice variety improvement.Through the identification of low temperature germinability of single segment substitution line,it was found that qLTG3-1 derived from Nanyangzhan could significantly improve the low temperature germinability of Huajingxian 74.【Conclusion】There is no correspo

关 键 词：分子标记 数量性状基因座位 分子标记辅助选择 低温发芽力 qLTG3-1 水稻 

分 类 号：S332.5[农业科学—作物遗传育种]