无卤氮磷膨胀阻燃玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备与性能  

Preparation and Property of Flame-Retarded Glass Fiber Reinforcing Polypropylene Composites with Halogen-Free Nitrogen-Phosphorous Intumescent Flame Retardant

作　　者：张铭丹 陈英红[1] Mingdan Zhang;Yinghong Chen(State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering,Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学高分子研究所高分子材料工程国家重点实验室(四川大学),四川成都610065

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2021年第8期50-57,共8页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0111500,2016YFB0302101);四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2021YFH0088);四川大学工科共性学科特色方向项目(2020SCUNG203);高分子材料工程国家重点实验室自主课题(sklpme2020-2-01)。

摘　　要：因玻纤"烛芯效应"制备阻燃玻纤增强聚合物复合材料是具有挑战性的课题。文中以自制的膨胀型阻燃剂MPAL与八乙烯基倍半硅氧烷(OV-POSS)组成的复合阻燃剂阻燃玻纤增强聚丙烯(PP),研究了玻纤(GF)和增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAPP)对阻燃PP体系的阻燃性能和力学性能的影响,结合扫描电镜和热重分析探讨了相应阻燃机理。结果表明,在阻燃PP体系中加入玻纤及适当增加其含量会显著改善阻燃PP材料的阻燃性能,归因于加入玻纤提高了阻燃PP体系的热稳定性以及利用MPAL/OV-POSS分解形成的复合炭层覆盖于玻纤表面,从而达到阻断玻纤"烛芯效应"目的。此外,加入增容剂MAPP及适当增加其含量会明显提高阻燃玻纤增强PP复合材料的力学性能,但对材料阻燃性能改善有限,归因于MAPP对体系界面结合和相容性的显著改善作用。当玻纤和MAPP质量分数分别为30%和5%时,所得阻燃玻纤增强PP复合材料具有优异的综合性能,表现出良好的应用前景。The preparation of flame-retarded(FR) glass fiber(GF) reinforcing polymer composites could be a challenging subject due to the "candle effect" of GF. In this paper, a composite flame retardant consisting of our self-synthesized intumescent flame retardant MPAL and octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane(OV-POSS) was used to flame-retard the GF reinforcing polypropylene(PP) system. The influences of GF and the compatibilizer maleic anhydride grafted PP(MAPP) on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of FR PP system were then well investigated. The corresponding flame-retarding mechanism was also investigated by scanning electrical microscope(SEM) and thermal thermogravimetric analysis(TGA). The results show that in the FR PP system, the incorporation of GF and proper increase of its loading would remarkably improve the flame retardancy of FR PP material. This can be attributed to such a fact that the GF incorporation enhances the thermal stability of FR PP system and also the composite char layers in situ formed from the decomposition of MPAL/OV-POSS are used to cover the surface of GF, so as to prevent and interrupt the "candle effect" of GF. In addition, the incorporation of the compatibilizer MAPP and proper increase of its content would obviously improve the mechanical properties of FR GF reinforcing PP composite and however show the limited enhancement in flame retardancy. Above mechanical performance improvement could be ascribed to the remarkable enhancement effect of MAPP on the interfacial combination and compatibility. When the mass fractions of GF and MAPP are 30% and 5%, respectively, the obtained FR GF reinforcing PP composites have the excellent comprehensive properties and exhibit the good application prospect.

关 键 词：聚丙烯 膨胀型阻燃剂 玻璃纤维 增容作用 

分 类 号：TQ327.1[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]