林窗定义及林窗特征测定方法研究进展  

Forest Gap Definition and Forest Gap Characteristics Measurement Methods

作　　者：李羽翎 张广奇 Li Yuling;Zhang Guangqi(Forestry College of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Forest Ecology Research Center of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学森林生态研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《世界林业研究》2021年第5期58-63,共6页World Forestry Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目(U1812401);贵州省科技支撑项目“水资源对喀斯特地区顶级群落承载力研究”(黔科合支撑[2019]2874号);贵州省基础研究计划项目“喀斯特天然次生林林窗内光资源再分配对建群树种更新影响机理研究”(黔科合基础[2020]1Y124)。

摘　　要：林窗形成导致环境资源再分配,进而影响物种入侵、种子萌发、幼苗更新和幼树存活;林窗改变了森林空间结构和植物群落组成,增加了群落异质性,这为保持森林群落相对稳定奠定了基础,也为多种生物共存发展提供了适宜的条件。目前,关于林窗对植被更新、植物多样性影响研究较多,但至今没有一个公认的客观量化林窗定义的方法,导致研究者采用的林窗识别标准不同,无法对现有林窗研究进行有效比较,且林窗特征测定方法也尚未完善。文中对林窗的概念形成、定义发展及林窗特征(形状、大小、形成、年龄及边缘木)测定方法进行梳理,探讨目前林窗研究存在的问题,以期为未来林窗干扰相关研究提供历史脉络与研究方向。When a forest gap forms, forest environmental resources will be redistributed, affecting the species invasion, seed germination, seedling regeneration and sapling survival. Forest gaps change the forest spatial structure and plant community composition, which would increase the forest community heterogeneity. They also act as the basis for maintaining the ecosystem stability and provide an appropriate environment for the species coexistence. There are a number of researches on the influence of forest gaps on forest regeneration and plant diversity, but no methods that could be used for objectively and quantitatively defining forest gaps have ever been publicly recognized, leading to the difference in gap identification criteria adopted by researchers. Consequently, it is difficult to make effective comparison between current researches on forest gaps, and the methods to measure the forest gap characteristics need to be improved. This paper reviews the formation and development of forest gap definition and the measuring methods of gap characteristics(shape,size, formation, age, and canopy trees surrounding the gap), and discusses the problems in the current gap research, which are expected to provide historical thread and future direction of the research on the forest gap disturbance.

关 键 词：林窗定义 林窗大小 林窗形状 林窗年龄 林窗形成 林窗边缘木 测量方法 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学] S758.5