特厚煤层整层综放开采提高回采率的研究与分析  

Research and analysis on improving recovery rate of fully-mechanized top coal caving mining in extra thick coal seam

作　　者：张爱杰 ZHANG Ai-jie(Ordos Guoyuan Mining Development Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]鄂尔多斯国源矿业开发有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《煤炭科技》2021年第5期8-12,共5页Coal Science & Technology Magazine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874282,52074270)。

摘　　要：20~30 m特厚煤层采用综采放顶煤一次采全厚是安全高效开采的最佳途径,但由于厚度大、煤层冒放性差等原因,其回收率较低。为了提高特厚煤层综采放顶煤一次采全厚的回收率,基于大唐集团龙王沟煤矿61601工作面地质、煤层赋存情况,建立直接顶载荷传递力学模型,分析直接顶反向支撑力与其悬顶长度的关系;采用PFC数值模拟软件,按单一变量原则分别对放煤步距、放煤方式对回收率的影响进行分析;通过现场生产实测核算日回收率,验证力学模型与数值模拟确定的工作面放煤方案。研究表明:放顶步距越大,顶板悬露面积越大,直接顶向下传递载荷量越小,使得顶煤破坏程度较小、块度较大、顶煤难放、回收率低。工作面采用“一刀一放”、多轮多窗口间隔顺序放煤的生产模式回收率最大,综合技术经济效果好,工作面日回收率普遍大于90%。因此,采用“一刀一放”、多轮、多窗口间隔顺序放煤方案是切实可行的。The use of fully-mechanized top coal caving for a full-thickness coal seam of 20~30 m super thick coal seam is the best way for safe and efficient mining.However,due to the large thickness and poor coal seam caving properties,the recovery rate is low.In order to improve the recovery rate of the full-thickness of fully-mechanized top coal caving mining in ultra-thick coal seams,it was based on the geology and coal seam occurrence of the 61601 face in Longwanggou Coal Mine of Datang Group,a mechanical model of direct top load transfer was established to analyze the reverse supporting force of the direct top.The relationship between the length of its overhanging roof;PFC numerical simulation software was used to analyze the influence of the coal caving step and the coal caving method on the recovery rate according to the single variable principle;the daily recovery rate was calculated through the field production measurement,and the mechanical model and numerical simulation were verified determined coal caving plan for working face.Studies had shown that:the larger the top caving step,the larger the exposed area of the roof,and the smaller the load transferred directly from the top to the bottom.This makes the top coal less damaged,larger in size,difficult to cleave,and low recovery rate.The working face adopted the production mode of"one cut,one release"and multiple rounds of multi-window sequential caving of coal,with the largest recovery rate,and the comprehensive technical and economic effects were good.The daily recovery rate of the working face was generally greater than 90%.Therefore,it was feasible to adopt the scheme of"one cut,one release",multiple rounds,and multiple windows interval sequential coal caving.

关 键 词：特厚煤层 放顶煤 回收率 放煤步距 放煤方式 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]