东日本大地震灾后住房重建对策与启示研究  

Countermeasures for Housing Reconstruction After the East Japan Earthquake

作　　者：肖龙 XIAO Long

机构地区：[1]福建商学院传媒与会展学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2021年第5期44-49,共6页South Architecture

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金计划青创项目(2020J05070):“三维二体”视角的城市重大突发事件综合应急管理能力提升研究。

摘　　要：2011年3月11日东日本大地震灾后,日本东北地区成千上万套毁损住宅的重建工作所遇困境、创新政策与恢复状况的经验,为灾后住房重建实践提供借鉴。基于东日本大地震灾后10年内日本东北地区官方地震灾后重建文件、二手文献和实况记录等资料,梳理分析,总结归纳。发现日本东北地区灾后住房重建对策具有多样性、宽松性、针对性、统一性等特点。日本东北地区灾后住房重建中的多目标、新思路、弹性参与、重主体选择等先进经验对于正面临老龄化加剧、新生率缓行双重社会背景的中国具有重要启示意义。Nearly 70% of China's cities are distributed in earthquake zones.According to the statistics of the China Seismic Network Center,5994 earthquakes have occurred in China from 2012 to 2020.In these eight years,227 prefecture-level administrative regions in China have experienced earthquakes,but most of them were distributed in the southwest and northwest regions.In addition,about 25 earthquakes have occurred in South China,East China,and central China.Houses are often damaged in a large area after earthquakes,and related secondary disasters often occurred.Subsequently,the emergency housing and housing reconstruction after disasters is the first problem to be solved to restore a normal lifestyle and production level.To improve the relevant theoretical system in the research field of post-disaster housing reconstruction in China,and to provide a practical useful reference,studying the difficulties,innovative policies,and recovery of thousands of damaged houses in Northeast Japan after the East Japan earthquake on March 11,2011,is imperative.The collected official documents,second-hand documents,and live records concerning post-earthquake reconstruction in the northeast regions of Japan over 10 years were summarized through a literature review and data review.It was found that(1)the difficulties associated with housing reconstruction in Northeast Japan after the East Japan earthquake are mainly manifested in the following two ways:Japan’s large area on the West Bank of the Pacific Ocean was seriously damaged by the earthquake and the ensuing tsunami.Further,the government and society bear unprecedented pressure in terms of the restoration of normal life after secondary disasters,such as the Fukushima nuclear leak.Moreover,the impact of Japan's economic stagnation and population reduction-the intensification of an aging society and the slow growth of the newborn population-are typical economic and social dilemmas in Northeast Japan.In this type of social and economic background,the challenges and problems faced by po

关 键 词：东日本大地震 住房重建 社会参与 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] TU984.116