黑龙江省黑河市部分地区啮齿动物体表寄生恙螨调查  

An investigation of parasitic chigger mites on the rodents in some areas of Heihe,Heilongjiang province,China

作　　者：母群征 李欣颖[2] 刘蓉蓉[1] 杨军 栗冬梅[1] 鲁亮[1] 李贵昌[1] 侯咏 李明 宋秀平[1] 孟凤霞[1] 刘起勇[1] MU Qun-zheng;LI Xin-ying;LIU Rong-rong;YANG Jun;LI Dong-mei;LU Liang;LI Gui-chang;HOU Yong;LI Ming;SONG Xiu-ping;MENG Feng-xia;LIU Qi-yong(State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Department of Vector Biology and Control,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management,Beijing 102206,China;Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;Xunke Customs House,Heihe,Heilongjiang 164400,China;Harbin Customs District,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所媒介生物控制室,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,世界卫生组织媒介生物监测与管理合作中心,北京102206 [2]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730000 [3]逊克海关,黑龙江黑河164400 [4]哈尔滨海关,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2021年第5期570-575,共6页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX10303404006)。

摘　　要：目的调查了解黑龙江省黑河市部分地区啮齿动物体表寄生恙螨的种类组成及分布。方法 2015年9月中旬在黑河市瑷珲区、逊克县、五大连池市采用鼠夹法捕获啮齿动物,捡取体表寄生恙螨;依据形态特征鉴定恙螨种类,通过形态特征和DNA条形码技术鉴定鼠和鼠兔种类;计算各地区、生境的啮齿动物种类构成、带恙螨率、恙螨指数并进行统计分析;通过巢式PCR检测鼠恙虫病东方体病原核酸。结果本次共捕获啮齿动物170只,包括2目3科6属8种。逊克县的火山地质公园以红背?(38.26%)、满洲里鼠兔(34.78%)和棕背?(14.78%)为主,五大连池市和瑷珲区农田周边以黑线姬鼠为主,分别占76.67%和64.00%。啮齿动物恙虫病东方体检测均为阴性。五大连池市和瑷珲区鼠体均未捡到恙螨,逊克啮齿动物检获11 256只恙螨,包括2属5种,高丽新恙螨为优势螨种(87.50%)。满洲里鼠兔、红背?和棕背?是恙螨的主要寄生宿主。结论黑河市不同调查地点啮齿动物种群构成及不同鼠种携带恙螨数量存在明显差异。Objective To investigate the species composition and distribution of ectoparasitic chigger mites on the rodents in some areas of Heihe,Heilongjiang province,China.Methods Rodents were captured using rat snap traps in Aihui district,Xunke county,and Wudalianchi of Heihe in mid-September,2015.Chigger mites were collected from the body surface of rodents.The species of chigger mites was identified according to their morphologic characteristics,and the species of rodents and pikas were identified by morphology and DNA barcoding technique.The species composition,chigger infestation rate,chigger index in each area and habitat were calculated and analyzed.The nucleic acid of Orientia tsutsugamushi was detected by nested PCR.Results A total of 170 rodents were captured,involving 8 species of 6 genera from 3 families under 2 orders.Myodes rutilus(38.26%),Ochotona mantchurica(34.78%),and M.rufocanus(14.78%) were the dominant species in the volcanic geopark of Xunke county.Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species in the farmland of Wudalianchi(76.67%) and Aihui district(64.00%).Or.tsutsugamushi was negative in all rodents captured.No chigger mite was found on the bodies of rodents from Wudalianchi and Aihui district,while 11 256 chigger mites were found on rodents from Xunke county,belonging to 5 species of 2 genera,with the dominant mite species Neotrombicula gardellai(87.50%).The main hosts of chigger mites were O.mantchurica,M.rutilus,and M.rufocanus.Conclusion The different areas of Heihe have distinct species compositions of rodents,and different species of rodents carry distinct numbers of chigger mite.

关 键 词：啮齿动物 恙螨 满洲里鼠兔 恙虫病东方体 

分 类 号：R384.4[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] S443.2[医药卫生—基础医学]