中国对外反倾销与企业就业变动  

China’s anti-dumping protection and firm’s job flows

作　　者：何欢浪[1] 张凤菊 张娟 HE Huanlang;ZHANG Fengju;ZHANG Juan(School of International Business,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学国际经贸学院,上海201620 [2]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2021年第5期15-25,共11页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BJL044);上海市哲学社会科学规划课题青年项目(2020EJB008);上海市教育发展基金会和上海市教育委员会“曙光计划”项目(18SG51)。

摘　　要：在WTO框架下,合规使用对外反倾销措施来保护国内市场环境的公平公正,做好"稳就业"工作,具有很重要的现实意义。采用双重差分的方法对我国对外发起反倾销如何影响国内企业就业变动进行了实证研究,并考察了反倾销对不同要素密集度、不同所有制类型和不同地区的企业就业变动的异质性影响。研究结果表明,对外发起反倾销同时通过"促进企业就业创造"与"抑制企业就业破坏"两个途径显著促进了企业就业净增长,且该估计结果在经过平行趋势假设等一系列稳健性检验后依然显著。机制分析发现,反倾销保护主要通过反竞争效应促进了企业的就业创造。进一步的拓展分析发现,对外反倾销对劳动密集型企业、私营企业和西部内陆地区企业的就业创造影响更加明显。研究结论意味着,中国政府可以在WTO框架内采用反倾销措施抵制外国企业的倾销行为,通过就业创造做好"稳就业"工作。Using foreign anti-dumping measures is of great practical significance,in compliance with the WTO framework to protect fairness and justice in the domestic market environment,and to effectively stabilize employment.Using the difference-in-differences method,this paper explores the effects of China’s anti-dumping measures upon the job flows of domestic firms.Further,this paper examines the heterogeneous impact of anti-dumping on firms’job flows with different factor intensity,different ownership types,and different regions.The results show that the launch of anti-dumping measures has significantly promoted changes in job flows through two approaches:promoting firms’job creation,and restraining firms’job destruction.After considering the parallel trend hypothesis and a series of robustness tests,the estimation results remain robust.Mechanism analysis shows that anti-dumping protection mainly promotes firms’job creation through anti-competitive effects.Further expansion analysis shows that foreign anti-dumping measures have a more obvious promotion effect on the job creation of labor-intensive firms,private firms,and firms in the western inland areas.This paper’s conclusion implies that the Chinese government can adopt anti-dumping measures within the WTO framework to resist dumping by foreign companies,and effectively stabilize employment through job creation.

关 键 词：对外反倾销 就业变动 就业创造 就业破坏 双重差分估计 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]