高强高导铜合金的强化机理与研究热点  

Strengthening mechanism and research focus of high strength and high conductivity copper alloy

作　　者：代雪琴 贾淑果[1,3] 范俊玲 宋克兴[1,3] 周延军[1,3] 马映璇 肖振朋[1] 牛立业 郭慧稳 DAI Xue-qin;JIA Shu-guo;FAN Jun-ling;SONG Ke-xing;ZHOU Yan-jun;MA Ying-xuan;XIAO Zhen-peng;NIU Li-ye;GUO Hui-wen(College of Material Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Jiaozuo University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;Chinalco Luoyang Copper Processing Co Ltd,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]焦作大学化工与环境工程学院,河南焦作454000 [3]有色金属新材料与先进加工技术省部共建协同创新中心,河南洛阳471023 [4]中铝洛阳铜加工有限公司,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2021年第10期18-26,共9页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：河南省创新引领专项(191110210400);河南省自然科学基金(202300410139);中国工程科技发展战略河南研究院战略咨询研究项目(2021HENZDA02);河南省重点研发与推广专项(212102210441);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(19A430012)。

摘　　要：铜合金材料作为高新技术产业的主流材料,需同时具备高强高导的性能。但是根据不同的应用环境,在保持高导电率的前提下如何选择合适的强化方法是制备铜合金的瓶颈。据研究可知,合金化法(形变强化、时效强化、固溶强化、细晶强化)和复合材料法(人工复合材料法、自身复合材料法)可以提高铜合金材料强度,但对其导电率有一定的影响。通过添加稀土元素、快速凝固法或大塑性变形等强化方法,有望获得高强度、高导电率的铜合金。本文着重探讨了合金化法和复合材料法的强化机理及其优缺点,并对铜合金的研究热点进行讨论和展望。As the mainstream material of high-tech industry,copper alloy should have high strength and high conductivity at the same time.However,according to the different application environment,how to choose the appropriate strengthening method under the premise of maintaining high conductivity is the bottleneck of preparing copper alloy.According to the research,the alloying method(deformation strengthening,aging strengthening,solution strengthening,fine grain strengthening)and the composite material method(artificial composite method,self composite method)can improve the strength of the copper alloy,but have a certain impact on its conductivity.The copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity can be obtained by adding rare earth elements,rapid solidification or large plastic deformation.In this paper,the strengthening mechanism,advantages and disadvantages of alloying method and composite method are discussed,and the research focus of the copper alloy are discussed and prospected.

关 键 词：合金化法 复合材料法 稀土元素 快速凝固法 大塑性变形 

分 类 号：TG146.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]