半喂入花生联合收获机去石清选装置设计与试验  

Design and experiment of stone cleaning devices of half-feeding peanut combined harvesters

作　　者：李豪杰 王青华 李军浩 张延化 Li Haojie;Wang Qinghua;Li Junhao;Zhang Yanhua(Linshu Dongtai Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Linyi,276700,China;Daxing Town Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center,Linshu County,Linyi,276700,China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,210014,China)

机构地区：[1]临沭县东泰机械有限公司,山东临沂276700 [2]临沭县大兴镇农业综合服务中心,山东临沂276700 [3]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京市210014

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2021年第10期29-33,58,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(2017YF049)。

摘　　要：目前我国现存的半喂入花生联合收获机无法有效清选土壤板结严重或石块、泥块过多的地块。为解决该问题,设计一种总长1683 mm,宽550 mm,高1010 mm,由双层筛及传动装置组成的去石清选装置。根据测量的花生及石块、泥块的物理尺寸,花生品种选取等因素,对去石清选装置进行正交试验,确定该装置的网孔形状为方形,筛网安装角度为13°,筛体运动频率设定4.0 Hz,筛体前后行程为16 mm。通过优方案试验,得出该清选装置的含杂率为3.82%,损失率为1.28%。为进一步确定装置可靠性,将该装置与传统清选装置进行田间对比试验。试验结果表明:传统清选装置的含杂率为13.17%,损失率为1.96%,而该清选装置的含杂率为3.47%,损失率为1.21%,除杂率是传统清选装置的4倍左右,损失率减少0.75%。该装置可以为半喂入花生联合收获机面对土壤板结严重或石块、泥块过多地块时的清选指标提供参考。At present, the existing half-feeding peanut harvesters in China cannot effectively clean the plots with serious soil compaction or excessive stones and mud. In order to solve this problem, this paper designed a stone cleaning device with a total length of 1 683 mm, a width of 550 mm, and a height of 1 010 mm, which was composed of a double-screen transmission device. According to the measured physical size of peanut, stone and mud, and peanut variety selection, the orthogonal test was carried out on the stone cleaning device. The mesh shape of the device was determined to be square, the installation angle of the screen mesh was set to 13°, the movement frequency of the screen body was set to 4.0 Hz, and the front and backstroke of the screen body were set to 16 mm. The optimal scheme test concluded that the impurity content of the cleaning device was 3.82%, and the loss rate was 1.28%. In order to further determine the reliability of the device, a field comparison test was carried out between the device and the traditional cleaning device. The experimental results showed that the impurity rate and loss rate of the traditional cleaning device was 13.17% and 1.96%. In comparison, the impurity rate and loss rate of the traditional cleaning device was 3.47% and 1.21%. The impurity removal rate was about 4 times the traditional cleaning device, and the loss rate was reduced by 0.75%. The device can provide a reference for the cleaning index of the half-feeding peanut harvester when the soil is seriously compacted or when there are too many stones and mud blocks.

关 键 词：半喂入花生联合收获机 去石清选 分层筛选 土壤板结 

分 类 号：S225.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]