地下矿山顶底柱矿体回采掏槽方式优化研究  

Optimization of Undercut Blasting for Recovering Crown and Sill Pillar in Underground Mine

作　　者：张世安 史秀志[1] 霍晓锋 邱贤阳[1] ZHANG Shi-an;SHI Xiu-zhi;HUO Xiao-feng;QIU Xian-yang(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2021年第5期22-26,共5页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51874350,52004329);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0602902)。

摘　　要：对九孔掏槽和中心单空孔掏槽2种掏槽方式进行了数值模拟分析。由爆破损伤云图可知,当爆高3.5~5.5 m时,2种掏槽方式均表现出良好的掏槽效果;对比顶板充填体质点振动速度后发现,中心单空孔掏槽方式可以更好地控制爆破振动。综合考虑掏槽效果、振动控制和凿岩效率,回采低高度顶底柱时应选用九孔掏槽布孔形式,回采较高高度顶底柱时应选用中心单空孔掏槽方式。矿山工程实践达到了预期的爆破目标。Undercut blasting method with two kinds of cutting pattern of nine holes and single empty-hole at the center were analyzed by using numerical simulation.From the blast damage cloud diagram,it can be seen that when the explosion height is 3.5~5.5 m,these two undercut methods all can bring good cutting effect.Based on the comparison with the particle vibration velocity of roof filling body,it is found that blasting vibration can be more easily controlled by using the undercut with single empty-hole at the center.Based on the comprehensive consideration of cutting effect,vibration control and drilling efficiency,it is proposed that the undercut with nine-hole pattern should be adopted for the recovery of crown and sill pillars with lower height,while undercut with single empty-hole at the center should be used for the recovery of higher pillars.It is shown that the engineering practice of these two methods in the mine has achieved the expected blasting goal.

关 键 词：残矿回采 掏槽方式 掏槽爆破 充填体稳定性 顶底柱矿体 数值模拟 爆破振动 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]