光合细菌和生物炭对污染土壤中铬的稳定化效果及小白菜生长的影响  

Effects of photosynthetic bacteria and biochar on chromium stabilization in polluted soil and the growth of pakchoi

作　　者：任晓斌 白红娟 卫燕红 马瑞 贾万利 杨官娥[2] REN Xiaobin;BAI Hongjuan;WEI Yanhong;MA Rui;JIA Wanli;YANG Guane(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;College of Pharmacy,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,太原030051 [2]山西医科大学药学院,太原030001

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2021年第10期2141-2149,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D321083);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZX20201400001443);中北大学研究生科技立项(20201767)。

摘　　要：为了研究光合细菌和生物炭对铬污染土壤的修复效果,采用光合细菌球形红细菌(Rhodobactersphaeroides)H菌株和生物炭为修复材料,模拟铬污染土壤为研究对象,通过盆栽试验研究了H菌株、生物炭、H菌株和生物炭联合对铬污染土壤中铬的稳定化效果以及对小白菜的株高、根长、叶绿素和可溶性糖含量的影响。结果表明:修复30 d后,H菌株和生物炭联合修复的效果要优于单施H菌株和生物炭,并且当菌株添加量为108 CFU·g^(-1)和生物炭添加量(质量比)为1%即T6处理时,修复效果最好,较单加H菌株和生物炭,铬的生物可利用性分别降低了8.03%和9.11%,土壤中的过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶和碱性磷酸酶活性比不添加菌株和生物炭即CK处理分别升高了58.72%、98.25%、136.58%和61.03%。T6处理对铬胁迫下小白菜的促生效果显著,与CK组相比,小白菜植株地上部分和根系的铬含量分别降低了26.67%和14.84%,极大地促进了铬胁迫下小白菜植株的生长,叶片的叶绿素和可溶性糖含量分别升高了30.08%和17.39%。经XPS和XRD分析结果推测H菌株和生物炭的主要修复机制为混合还原和静电吸附,二者对铬污染土壤具有较好的修复效果,且对小白菜具有较好的促生效果。This study aimed to investigate the remediation effects of photosynthetic bacteria and biochar on chromium contaminated soil,using photosynthetic bacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides H strain and biochar as remediation materials,simulating chromium contaminated soil as a research object.Therefore,potted experiments were conducted to study how the H strain,biochar,and their combination could affect chromium stabilization in the chromium-contaminated soil,just as well as plant height,root length,and the chlorophyll and soluble sugar content of pakchoi.The experimental results showed that the combined remediating effect of the H strain and biochar yielded better results after 30 days of remediation than that of the separate application of H strain and biochar.The best remediation effect could be observed when the amount of the supplemented H strain reached 10^(8)CFU·g^(-1) and that of the biochar 1%(mass ratio)(T6).Compared with the H strain and biochar only,the bioavailability of chromium was reduced by 8.03%and 9.11%,respectively,while the catalase,urease,invertase,and alkaline phosphatase activities in the soil were 58.72%,98.25%,136.58%,and 61.03%higher than those in the CK group(without H strain and biochar),respectively.The T6 group exhibited a significantly affected the growth of pakchoi under chromium stress.Compared with the CK group,the chromium content of the aerial part and root of the pakchoi plant were reduced by 26.67%and 14.84%,respectively,significantly promoting the growth of pakchoi under chromium stress,yielding an increase in the chlorophyll and soluble sugar content of the leaves by 30.08%and 17.39%,respectively.According to the results of the XPS and XRD analysis,we hypothesize that the main repair mechanism of H strain and biochar involves mixed reduction and electrostatic adsorption.And the two have good repair and growth-promoting effects on contaminated soil and pakchoi.

关 键 词：球形红细菌 生物炭 铬 土壤 小白菜 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] X53[农业科学—园艺学]