转子结构优化削弱车用永磁同步电机振动噪音  

Vibration and noise reduction of vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor by rotor structure optimization

作　　者：钱喆[1,2] 唐光华 王群京[1,2] 李大伟 程义[4] QIAN Zhe;TANG Guang-hua;WANG Qun-jing;LI Da-wei;CHENG Yi(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Anhui University,Hefei 230000,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Energy-Saving Motor&Control Technology,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China;Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Co.Ltd New Energy Vehicle Research Institute,Hefei 230022,China;Anhui Ankai Automobile Co.Ltd,Hefei 230051,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学电气工程与自动化学院,合肥230000 [2]安徽大学高节能电机及控制技术国家地方联合实验室,合肥230601 [3]安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司新能源汽车研究院,合肥230022 [4]安徽安凯汽车股份有限公司,合肥230051

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2021年第10期122-129,共8页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：安徽省发改委新能源汽车暨智能网联产业技术创新工程项目(K130937033)。

摘　　要：针对内置式永磁同步电机由低阶齿谐波引起的电磁力波产生的电磁噪声大的问题,以一款8极48槽内置式永磁同步电机为研究对象,结合麦克斯韦应力张量法与气隙磁场理论给出低阶齿谐波引起的主要噪声倍频。提出了采用转子分段斜极和转子开辅助槽的方法来削弱由低阶齿谐波引起的径向电磁力波,从而削弱该电机的电磁振动和噪音。建立了转子分段斜极的电磁力波解析模型,分析了转子分段斜极与转子开辅助槽对电机电磁噪音的削弱机理。建立了电磁有限元和结构声场耦合模型进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明由一阶齿谐波引起的0阶12f1电磁力在电机工作高速时接近定子0阶固有频率时会达到共振条件激发幅值大的噪音。样机噪声实验结果表明转子结构优化后有效削弱了由一阶齿谐波引起0阶12f1电磁力产生的48倍频电磁噪音。Aiming at the problem of large electromagnetic noise generated by electromagnetic force waves caused by low-order tooth harmonics in interior permanent magnet synchronous motors(IPMSM), taking an 8-pole 48-slot IPMSM as the research object, combining the Maxwell stress tensor method and the air gap magnetic field theory, the main noise frequency multiplication caused by low-order tooth harmonics was given. A method of using rotor segmented skew-poles and rotor opening auxiliary slots was proposed to weaken the radial electromagnetic force wave caused by low-order tooth harmonics, thereby weakening the electromagnetic vibration and noise of the motor. An analytical model of the electromagnetic force wave of the rotor segmented skew-poles was established, and the weakening mechanism of the electromagnetic noise of the motor by the rotor segmented skew-poles and the rotor open auxiliary slot was analyzed. A coupling model of electromagnetic finite element and structure-acoustic field was established for simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the 0 th-order 12f;electromagnetic force caused by the first-order tooth harmonics will reach the resonance condition and excite a large amplitude noise when the motor is operating at high speed near the stator 0 th-order intrinsic frequency. The experimental results of the prototype noise show that the optimized rotor structure effectively weakens the 48-frequency electromagnetic noise generated by the 0-order 12f1electromagnetic force caused by the first-order tooth harmonics.

关 键 词：内置式永磁同步电机 电磁振动噪声 径向电磁力波 齿谐波 转子分段斜极 转子开辅助槽 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]