西北地区青铜时代早期的金属使用--从技术与资源角度探讨  

The Use of Metals in the Early Bronze-Age Northwest China:A Discussion Focusing on Technologies and Resources

作　　者：蔺诗芮 Lin Shirui

机构地区：[1]北京大学考古文博学院,北京100871

出　　处：《文博》2021年第5期59-72,共14页

摘　　要：西北地区是连接中原与欧亚草原、中亚的关键枢纽。本文系统收集了西北地区青铜时代早期铜器的分析数据,尝试讨论冶金技术面貌和资源利用特征。新疆早期主要接受西西伯利亚地区较为成熟的冶金业影响,从红铜逐渐发展到锡青铜,砷铜制品及技术约在公元前1700至1600年从河西走廊向西传播进入新疆东部。河西走廊中部西城驿遗址是西北地区目前发现最早的砷铜生产与使用中心。青海东部与甘肃南部分布齐家文化,多种交叉的外来资源汇聚,符合文化中间地带的身份特征,满足西北地区与中原冶金术交流的必要条件。Northwest China is a key nexus that connects China’s Central Plains with the Eurasian Steppes and Central Asia.This research collects systematically the analytical data of the bronze artefacts discovered in the Early-Bronze-Age northwest China and discusses alloy technologies and characteristics of resource exploitation in this region.In the early stage,alloy technology in Xinjiang was mostly influenced by the mature metallurgical technology in western Siberia,which led to copper gradually being replaced by tin bronze,whilst between 1700-1600 BC,arsenic bronzes and associated technology were introduced to eastern Xinjiang in their westward spread via the Hexi Corridor.The Xichengyi site in the central part of the Hexi Corridor is the site where evidence of earliest production and use of arsenic bronzes has been found.The Qijia culture is distributed in eastern Qinghai and southern Gansu,where multiple external resources converged.Such a geographic location demonstrates a distinctive characteristic of an intermediate zone of cultural interaction and therefore meets all the necessary conditions that fostered early metallurgical technological interactions between the northwest and the Central Plains.

关 键 词：西北地区 青铜时代早期 合金技术 铅同位素比值 

分 类 号：K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]