固体氧化物燃料电池双极板材料发展综述  

Review of development of bipolar plate materials for solid oxide fuel cell

作　　者：韦守李 李希超 常修亮 陈兵 许卓[1,2,3] 张涛 郑莉莉 戴作强[1,2,3] WEI Shouli;LI Xichao;CHANG Xiuliang;CHEN Bing;XU Zhuo;ZHANG Tao;ZHENG Lili;DAI Zuoqiang(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao University;Power Integration and Energy Storage System Engineering Technology Center of Qingdao University,Qingdao University;National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology of Electric Vehicles(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China;Energy Saving Business Division,CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Qingdao 266031,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院 [2]青岛大学动力集成及储能系统工程技术中心 [3]电动汽车智能化动力集成技术国家地方联合工程技术中心(青岛),山东青岛266071 [4]中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司储能事业部,山东青岛266031

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2021年第6期1943-1951,共9页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52001179,ZR2020ME019)。

摘　　要：固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)作为第三代燃料电池,以其能量转换效率高、燃料适用范围广、对环境友好、全固态等诸多优势而备受关注。双极板(又称连接体)作为固体氧化物燃料电池的重要组成部分之一,在SOFC电池堆中起到串并联单体电池并隔绝燃料气体与空气的作用,对电池性能及商用成本有很大影响。不同材料的双极板存在不同的性能问题,主要都集中在导电性能、抗氧化性能、化学稳定性及热膨胀系数是否匹配等方面。本文综述了传统陶瓷材料、合金材料、新型陶瓷材料、复合材料双极板的发展历程及最新研究进展,并着重介绍了组分优化设计及表面改性(涂覆活性氧化物涂层、稀土钙钛矿涂层及尖晶石涂层等)两种方式对于合金材料抑制镉元素向外扩散的能力、抗氧化性及导电性的改善。综合分析表明,通过组分优化设计和表面改性弥补合金作为双极板材料的性能缺陷,尝试制备新型陶瓷材料或复合材料等途径,有望获得高性能、低成本的双极板材料,从而实现SOFC的大规模商业化应用。As the third generation fuel cell,solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)has attracted much attention due to its high energy conversion efficiency,a wide range of fuel applications,environmental friendliness,all-solid-state,and many other advantages.As an essential component of a solid oxide fuel cell,the bipolar plate(also known as a connector)serves as a series-parallel single cell,isolating fuel gas and air in the SOFC stack,and has a significant impact on cell performance and commercial cost.Different bipolar plate materials have different performance issues,with the main focus being on electrical conductivity,oxidation resistance,chemical stability,and thermal expansion coefficient matching.In this paper,the development history and current research progress of traditional ceramic materials,alloy materials,new ceramic materials,and composite bipolar plates are reviewed by reading recent relevant literature,and component optimization design and surface modification(coating active oxide coating,composite bipolar plates)are primarily introduced.Rare earth perovskite coating and spinel coating can improve the ability to inhibit the outward diffusion of cadmium,oxidation resistance,and conductivity of the alloy.The comprehensive analysis demonstrates that high-performance and low-cost bipolar plate materials can be obtained through component optimization design and surface modification to compensate for the performance defects of alloy as bipolar plate materials and that new ceramic materials or composites can be prepared to realize the large-scale commercial application of SOFC.

关 键 词：固体氧化物燃料电池 双极板 合金 涂层 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业]