中国的边界污染治理——基于环保督查中心试点和微观企业排放的经验证据  

Border Pollution Governance in China:Evidence from the Pilot Project of Environmental Protection Supervision Center and Establishment Emission Data

作　　者：赵阳 沈洪涛[1] 刘乾 ZHAO Yang;SHEN Hongtao;LIU Qian(Management School,Jinan University;Audencia Business School,Shenzhen University;Research Institute of International Service Economy,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学管理学院,510632 [2]深圳大学南特商学院 [3]广东外语外贸大学国际服务经济研究院,510420

出　　处：《经济研究》2021年第7期113-126,共14页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71672075);中国博士后科学基金(2021M692167);广州区域低碳经济研究基地的资助。

摘　　要：从"中国之制"看"中国之治"。边界污染问题一直是经济学研究的热点和难点,本文探讨了中国情境下的中央环保督查制度对边界污染的微观治理效果及内在机制。研究发现:设立跨区域环保督查中心后,边界企业污染排放显著减少,说明中央环保督查制度对边界污染有显著的治理效果。作用机制检验证实:在财政压力大的地区以及企业为"税收大户"时,环保督查中心的作用效果更明显,说明中央环保督查制度在地区层面缓解了地方政府机会主义行为;边界企业通过资源循环利用、增加污染物处理等长效机制实现主动减排。本文的研究结果表明,实行自上而下的环境垂直监管有助于解决边界污染问题。本文为中央垂直管理体制治理边界外部性问题提供了直接的微观经验证据。Institution of China demonstrates the governance of China. A key feature of the institution in China is the unique combination of vertical management and tiered local management. This is known as the Chinese-style decentralization model, combining fiscal decentralization and political concentration, which has been a crucial driving force for China’s economic miracle. However, while encouraging regional economic development, fiscal decentralization has also catalyzed a series of concerns, one of which is border pollution. During the process of polluting border areas, the local governments obtain all the economic benefits, but only bear part of the pollution costs. Specifically, with a localized environmental monitoring system and the lack of coordination mechanisms across regions, local governments’ rational choice is to promote economic development at the cost of environment. As a result, border pollution has become a prominent concern in China.Although the issue of border pollution has gained growing attention among academics, most existing studies only focus on macro data of the regional level. There is a lack of micro-analysis and in-depth discussion on the governance of border pollution. Firstly, prevention and abatement of industrial pollution is the top priority of environmental protection, as industrial pollution accounts for more than 70% of the total pollution in China(Chinese Environment Bulletin, 2016). Secondly, developing effective institutional arrangements that can reduce and even eliminate border pollution and achieving coordinated environmental governance are important issues of the environmental policy in China. Thus, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to discuss the governance of border pollution from the micro level.The pilot project of Environmental Protection Supervision Center(EPSC) launched in 2002 provides a unique setting for the study of border pollution governance. As the first cross-region agency established by the State Environmental Protection Administra

关 键 词：环保督查中心 分权 边界污染治理 企业清洁生产 垂直管理 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]