基于啮合频率调制现象的齿轮振动信号辨识  

Gear Vibration Signal Identification Based on Meshing Frequency Modulation Phenomenon

作　　者：黄元媛 从飞云[1] 童水光[1] 童哲铭 HUANG Yuan-yuan;CONG Fei-yun;TONG Shui-guang;TONG Zhe-ming(School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《测控技术》2021年第10期36-42,共7页Measurement & Control Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFB2004604);浙江省重点研发计划(2018C01020)。

摘　　要：齿轮是大多数旋转机械设备的核心零部件,也是主要的振动来源。为了评估齿轮箱的健康状态,从机械系统信号中提取齿轮箱的振动成分具有重要意义。齿轮的啮合频率包含了反映其运行状态的丰富信息,是进行齿轮在线监测和故障诊断的前提条件。通过理论分析和试验验证,解释了啮合频率调制现象,也就是当齿轮在重载条件下工作时,啮合频率会以啮合冲击的形式被调制到高频共振区。基于此现象,提出了一种齿轮振动信号辨识方法。在此方法中,通过迭代获得啮合能量比图,以确定啮合共振频带。此方法的性能通过试验台试验和叉车现场试验进行了验证。通过与快速谱峭度方法进行对比,证明所提出的方法适用于齿轮振动信号辨识,尤其是当齿轮处于重载条件时。Gear is the core component of most rotating machines and is also the main source of vibration.In order to evaluate the health state of the gearbox,it is important to extract the gearbox vibration from the mechanical system signals.The gear meshing frequency contains rich information reflecting its operating state,which is a prerequisite for gear online monitoring and fault diagnosis.Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification,the meshing frequency modulation phenomenon is explained,that is,when the gear works under heavy load,the meshing frequency will be modulated to the higher resonance frequency band as meshing impacts.Based on this phenomenon,the method of gear vibration signal identification is proposed.In this method,a meshing energy ratio graph is obtained through iteration to determine the demodulated frequency band.The performance of this method is verified by test rig experiment and forklift field test.Compared with the fast Kurtogram method,the proposed method is proved to be suitable for gear vibration signal identification,especially when the gear is under heavy load condition.

关 键 词：齿轮 振动 啮合冲击 调制 信号辨识 

分 类 号：TH165.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TN911[电子电信—通信与信息系统]