不同调理剂组合对酸性土壤改良及稻谷降镉的效果研究  

Study on the Effect of Different Conditioner Combinations on the Improvement of Acidic Soil and the Reduction of Cadmium in Rice

作　　者：刘仁波 周富忠 LIU Ren-bo;ZHOU Fu-zhong(Lichuan Agricultural Law Enforcement Team,Lichuan,Hubei 445400;Lichuan City Soil Fertilizer Station,Lichuan,Hubei 445400)

机构地区：[1]利川市农业执法大队,湖北利川445400 [2]利川市土壤肥料工作站,湖北利川445400

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第20期93-97,130,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：在2个不同成土母岩母质发育的水稻土试验点,通过正规的田间小区试验,研究"益欣荣Ⅱ""益欣荣Ⅱ+谷乐丰""益欣荣Ⅱ+氨糖可力"3种不同土壤调理剂组合对酸性水稻土的改良、土壤有效镉的钝化、水稻的增产增收以及控制水稻对镉的吸收等方面的效果。结果表明,3种组合对水稻增产效果显著,并有一定的经济效益,增收稻谷550~974 kg/hm^(2),增幅为8.85%~15.23%,净收益600~1 725元/hm^(2);对酸性水稻土改良效果较好,可抑制酸化土壤pH进一步下降、提高酸性土壤pH,酸化土壤交换性铝上升幅度得到控制、酸性土壤交换性铝明显下降,明显降低了土壤有效锰含量,提高了土壤盐基饱和度;对土壤有效镉有一定的固化作用,有效控制了水稻对镉的吸收,大幅度降低了稻谷中镉含量。综合比较水稻增产增收、酸性土壤改良、土壤固镉及稻谷降镉等方面效果,"益欣荣Ⅱ+氨糖可力"最优,"益欣荣Ⅱ+谷乐丰"次之,单施"益欣荣Ⅱ"最差。In two paddy soil experimental sites with different parent materials, through regular field plot experiments, the effects of three different soil conditioner combinations of "Yixinrong Ⅱ" "Yixinrong Ⅱ + Gulefeng" and "Yixinrong Ⅱ + Antangkeli" on the improvement of acidic paddy soil, the passivation of soil available cadmium, the increase of rice yield and income and the control of cadmium absorption by rice were verified.The results showed that the three combinations had significant effect on increasing rice yield, and had certain economic benefits. The rice yield increased by 550-974 kg/hm^(2), with an increase of 8.85%-15.23%, and the net income per mu was 600-1 725 yuan/hm^(2). The improvement effect of acid paddy soil was better, which could inhibit the further decline of pH in acid soil, improve the pH of acid soil, control the increase of exchangeable aluminum in acid soil, significantly reduce the exchangeable aluminum in acid soil, significantly reduce the soil available manganese content, and improve the soil base saturation. It could solidify available cadmium in soil, effectively control the absorption of cadmium by rice, and greatly reduce the content of cadmium in rice. Comprehensive comparison of rice yield and income, acid soil improvement, soil cadmium fixation and rice cadmium reduction effect, the "Yixinrong Ⅱ + Antangkeli" was the best, the "Yixinrong Ⅱ + Gulefeng" was the second, the single application of "Yixinrong Ⅱ" was the worst.

关 键 词：酸化土壤 土壤调理剂 土壤有效镉 稻谷 镉 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]