1832年英国的霍乱流行及其特点  

The Epidemics of Cholera 1832 in Britain and Its Characteristics

作　　者：刘金源 Liu Jinyuan

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《学术研究》2021年第10期129-139,178,共12页Academic Research

摘　　要：在19世纪30年代霍乱的全球第二次大流行中,英国首次遭到霍乱侵袭。1831年10月,英格兰北部港口桑德兰出现首个霍乱病例,疫情随后在泰恩河畔两岸扩散。进入1832年后,霍乱疫情沿着南北两条线路扩散:向北蔓延到苏格兰及爱尔兰,向南蔓延到英格兰中南部及威尔士。霍乱疫情在1832年夏季达到高潮,到年底的寒冷冬季才逐渐消退。霍乱是一种发病急、传染性强、死亡率高的流行病,疫情蔓延具有明显的季节性、不平衡性特点。霍乱在英国肆虐一年有余,席卷397个城镇或乡村,感染病例10余万,死亡病例超过5万,在英国流行病应对史上留下了惨痛的一页。In the second global pandemic of cholera in the 1830 s, Britain was attacked by cholera for the first time. In October 1831, the first cholera case occurred in Sunderland, a port in the north of England, and then spread on both sides of the Tyne River. After 1832, cholera spread along two lines: North to Scotland and Ireland, South to South Central England and Wales. Cholera reached its peak in the summer of 1832 and gradually subsided in the cold winter at the end of the year. Cholera was an epidemic with acute onset, strong infectivity and high mortality. The spread of cholera was characterized by obvious seasonality and imbalance. Cholera had been rampant in Britain for more than one year, sweeping 397 towns or villages, with more than 100,000 cases of infection and more than 50000 deaths, leaving a painful page in the history of British epidemic response.

关 键 词：霍乱 1832年 英国 流行 

分 类 号：K561.43[历史地理—历史学]