西宁市2010—2019年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis on adverse event following immunization in Xining from 2010 to 2019

作　　者：王海丽[1] 马应秀 宋燕[1] 马小丽 王莉华 崔阿香 焦月花 WANG Hai-li;MA Ying-xiu;SONG Yan;MA Xiao-li;WANG Li-hua;CUI A-xiang;JIAO Yue-hua(Xining Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qinghai 810007,China)

机构地区：[1]西宁市疾病预防控制中心,青海810007

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2021年第10期922-926,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：青海省卫生和计划生育委员会开展新技术;新业务、新方法项目(319)青卫科[2020]48号。

摘　　要：目的分析西宁市2010—2019年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Event Following Immunization, AEFI)发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转状况和预防接种服务质量。方法通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集西宁市2010—2019年AEFI个案369例,采用描述流行病学方法对监测数据进行统计分析。结果西宁市2010—2019年共报告AEFI个案369例,其中一般反应341例(92.41%),异常反应10例(2.71%),偶合症18例(4.88%),无其他类型报告;AEFI病例发生最多的为无细胞百白破疫苗(97例,26.29%)。病例中0岁组(136例,36.86%)和1岁组(93例,25.20%)病例最多;临床症状以发热、接种部位局部红肿、硬结为主,发热病例213例(57.72%),接种部位局部红肿、硬结159例(43.09%);AEFI(接种→发生)间隔分部发生在0~1 d的310例(84.01%)。48 h内报告率62.60%,48 h内调查率80.65%。结论西宁市2010—2019年AEFI个案的48 h及时报告率和调查率未达到《监测方案》的要求,说明西宁市需进一步提高报告及时率。10年间均无疫苗接种事故的发生,说明接种人员责任心较强,预防接种服务质量较好。Objective To analyze the characteristics of Adverse Event Following Immunization(AEFI) in Xining from 2010 to 2019,and to evaluate the operations of AEFI monitoring system and quality of vaccination services.Methods Totally 369 cases with AEFI in Xining from 2010 to 2019 were collected by China Immunization Program Information Management System, and the monitored data were analyzed with the descriptive epidemiology technique.Results Totally 369 individual cases with AEFI were reported in Xining from 2010 to 2019,including 341 cases(92.41%) with general reactions, 10 cases(2.71%) with abnormal reactions, 18 cases(4.88%) with coincident disease, no other type was reported.The most frequent occurrence of AEFI cases was the cell-free dpt vaccine(97 cases, 26.29%),the most onset cases of AEFI were in the 0-year-old group(136 cases, 36.86%) and 1-year-old group(93 cases, 25.20%),the main clinical symptoms involved the fever, local redness and scleroma at the inoculation sites, and there were 213 fever cases(57.72%),159 cases(43.09%) with local redness and scleroma at the inoculation sites;and 310(84.01%) case with AEFI(vaccination→onset) occurring during the 0-1 day interval.The reporting rate was 62.60% within 48 hours, and the investigation rate was 80.65% within 48 hours.Conclusion The 48 hours timely reporting rate and survey rate of AEFI individual cases in Xining from 2010 to 2019 fail to meet the requirements of the Monitoring Programme, indicating it is required to further improve the reporting timeliness in Xining.No vaccine accident occurring during the past ten years shows that the vaccinators have strong sense of responsibility and quality of vaccination service is satisfactory.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 流行病学研究 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]