2019年张掖市麻疹网络实验室血清学监测分析  

Surveillance analysis on serological results of Zhangye measles network laboratory in 2019

作　　者：李玉梅 甄瑜 张晓萍[1] 于爱红[1] 管仁超 王芃槐 LI Yu-mei;ZHEN Yu;ZHANG Xiao-ping;YU Ai-hong;GUAN Ren-chao;WANG Peng-huai(Clinical Laboratory,Zhangye Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Gansu 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]张掖市疾病预防控制中心检验科,甘肃734000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2021年第10期955-958,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：“十三五”国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10713002)。

摘　　要：目的通过对2019年张掖市麻疹网络实验室血清学检测数据的分析,评价实验室的运转情况,为麻疹、风疹的疫情监测提供实验室诊断依据。方法对2019年张掖市6个县区送检的麻疹、风疹疑似病例的血清标本采用ELISA法进行IgM抗体检测。检测结果使用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2019年张掖市共检测麻疹、风疹疑似病例标本154份,标本采集合格率100.00%。其中麻疹IgM抗体阳性4份,阳性率2.60%,不同月份之间阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.060,P>0.05);风疹IgM抗体阳性79份,阳性率51.30%,不同月份之间阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=35.466,P<0.01)。2019年麻疹、风疹的高发病期为4—6月,发病数占疑似病例总数的40.91%。麻疹IgM抗体阳性病例中男女性别比为1∶1,阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.000,P>0.05);风疹IgM抗体阳性病例中男女性别比为1.3∶1,阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.087,P>0.05)。11~20岁人群为风疹的主要发病人群,占阳性病例总数的79.75%。风疹IgM抗体阳性病例主要为高台县和临泽县户籍病例,分别占阳性病例总数的56.96%和35.44%;麻疹IgM抗体阳性病例全部为有免疫史病例。风疹IgM抗体阳性病例主要为无免疫史或免疫史不详病例,占阳性病例总数的65.82%。结论 2019年张掖市麻疹主要是散发流行,发热伴出疹病例暴发流行主要为风疹,排除病例71例,发病人群主要为11~20岁无免疫史或免疫史不详者。2019年张掖市麻疹网络实验室运转情况良好。Objective To analyze the serological test monitoring data from Zhangye measles network laboratory in 2019,to evaluate the operating conditions of the laboratory, and to provide diagnostic laboratory supports for the diagnosis of measles and rubella.Methods ELISA was used to test IgM antibodies in serum samples from suspected cases with measles and rubella sent to six counties of Zhangye in 2019,and the test results were analyzed by SPSS 22.0.Results A total of 154 suspected cases with measles and rubella from Zhangye in 2019 were tested, and the rate of pass of samples collected was 100.00%.There were 4 measles cases with positive IgM antibodies with the positive rate in 2.60%,and the difference in the positive rate in different months was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=15.060,P>0.05).There were 79 rubella cases with positive IgM antibodies with the positive rate in 51.30%,and the difference in the positive rate in different months was statistically significant(χ^(2)=35.466,P<0.01).The onset time of measles and rubella in 2019 was concentrated within months thorough from April to June, and the onset cases accounted for 40.91% of total suspected cases.The ratio of males to females in measles cases with positive IgM antibodies was 1∶1,and the difference in the positive rate was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.000,P>0.05);the ratio of males to females in rubella cases with positive IgM antibodies was 1.3∶1,and the difference in the positive rate was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.087,P>0.05).Rubella mainly attacked the populations aged at 11-20 years old, accounting for 79.75% of total positive cases.The positive cases of rubella were mainly from Gaotai County and Linze County with the positive rate in 59.96% and 35.44% respectively.All measles cases with positive IgM antibodies were cases with immunity history, and the positive cases of rubella were dominated by patients who had never been immunized or were found to have unknown immune history, accounting for 65.82% of total positive cases

关 键 词：麻疹 风疹 IGM抗体 血清学 呼吸道传染病 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学] R511.2[医药卫生—临床医学]