2019年西安市蜚蠊监测结果分析  

Analysis on monitoring results of cockroach in Xi’an,2019

作　　者：李广帅[1] 庞松涛[1] 雷晓岗 薛威[1] 徐琨 解民[1] 杨西平 LI Guang-shuai;PANG Song-tao;LEI Xiao-gang;XUE Wei;XU Kun;XIE Min;YANG Xi-ping(Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西710054

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2021年第10期1016-1019,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：西安市卫生健康委科研基金项目(2020Yb44)。

摘　　要：目的掌握西安市蜚蠊种类、密度、粘捕率、分布特点及季节消长等情况,为蜚蠊防治措施的制定和爱国卫生工作提供科学依据。方法按照地理方位在西安市东南西北选择6个区县,每个区县选择宾馆、餐饮行业、超市、居民区、农贸市场、医院共6个监测点,奇数月中旬监测,采用粘捕法,晚放晨收,鉴定种类,计算蜚蠊密度和粘捕率,对蜚蠊密度和粘捕率之间相关性、城区和郊区蜚蠊密度差异、性别差异、粘捕率差异分别进行统计学分析。结果共捕获蜚蠊518只,其中美洲大蠊1只,其余均为德国小蠊。蜚蠊密度为0.09只/张,粘捕率为1.92%。侵害最严重的是餐饮行业和农贸市场;蜚蠊密度和粘捕率季节消长呈单峰趋势,均在5月最高,密度为0.40只/张、粘捕率为3.96%,蜚蠊密度和粘捕率季节消长具有相关性(r2=0.848,P<0.05);蜚蠊监测结果在城区和郊区之间差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.720,P>0.05;Z=-0.801,P>0.05;t=-1.022,P>0.05)。结论 2019年西安市蜚蠊密度和粘捕率均较低。不同生境监测结果和其他地区基本一致,但季节消长趋势有所差别,城区和郊区监测结果无差别。全市环境卫生整治对蜚蠊密度和粘捕率降低具有显著效果。建议制定综合防制措施,在蜚蠊密度高峰期来临之前及时采取防制措施,将蜚蠊密度和侵害率控制在低水平。Objective To grasp the species, density, adhesive capture rate, distribution characteristics and seasonal fluctuation of cockroach in Xi’an, and provide scientific basis for formulation of cockroach control measures and patriotic health work.Methods Six districts and counties were selected in the four directions of the city, a total of six monitoring points involving the hotels, catering industry, supermarkets, residential areas, agricultural markets and hospitals were selected.Monitoring in mid-odd months with the adhesive capture method was implemented.The cockroach traps were unfolded at night and folded at daytime, the species of cockroach was identified, the density and adhesive capture rate of cockroach was calculated.The correlations between density and adhesive capture rate of cockroach and the difference of density, sex and adhesive capture rate of cockroach between urban and suburban areas were statistically tested.Results A total of 518 cockroaches were captured, there was a Periplaneta americana and the rest were Blattella germanica.The density of cockroach was 0.09 insect per sheet, and the adhesive capture rate was 1.92%.The catering industry and agricultural market were the most seriously infested;the seasonal fluctuation of density and adhesive capture rate of cockroach showed a unimodal trend and both hit the peak in May, being 0.40 insect per sheet and 3.96% respectively, the trend of density and adhesive capture rate of cockroach in terms of seasonal fluctuation were correlated(r^(2)=0.848,P<0.05).The differences in the monitoring results on cockroach was not statistically significant between urban and suburban areas(χ^(2)=0.720,P>0.05;Z=-0.801,P>0.05;t=-1.022,P>0.05).Conclusion In 2019,both the density and adhesive capture rate of cockroach in Xi’an are at a low level, and the monitoring results of different habitats basically match such indexes of other region while maintaining with slightly different seasonal fluctuations, and no different monitoring results between urban and suburban a

关 键 词：蜚蠊 种类 密度 粘捕率 季节消长 

分 类 号：R184.39[医药卫生—流行病学]