2019年内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒病区改水及氟斑牙病情现状  

Current situation of water improvement and dental fluorosis in drinking-water-type endemic fluorosis areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2019

作　　者：杨晓娟 李小东 常子丽 崔娜 李振林 刘一君 王璇 陈波 赵成祥 Yang Xiaojuan;Li Xiaodong;Chang Zili;Cui Na;Li Zhenlin;Liu Yijun;Wang Xuan;Chen Bo;Zhao Chengxiang(Department of Endemic Fluorosis and Arseniasis Control and Prevention,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hohhot 010080,China;Department of Immunization Program,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hohhot 010080,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心地方性氟砷中毒防控科,呼和浩特010080 [2]内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,呼和浩特010080

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2021年第10期830-834,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2019MS08072)。

摘　　要：目的了解内蒙古自治区(简称内蒙古)饮水型地方性氟中毒(简称饮水型氟中毒)病区改水现状及8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况,评价防控措施效果,为及时调整防控策略提供依据。方法2019年,采用横断面调查方法,在内蒙古85个饮水型氟中毒病区旗县的所有病区村屯(简称村)开展改水情况及水氟含量调查,并对病区村全部8~12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查。结果全区9623个病区村中,改水村为8547个,改水率为88.82%。水氟含量符合国家生活饮用水卫生标准的改水村为7145个,占改水村总数的83.60%(7145/8547)。共检查8~12岁儿童118857人,检出氟斑牙病例9123人,氟斑牙检出率为7.68%,低于氟中毒病区判定标准中氟斑牙检出率上限(30%)。结论内蒙古饮水型氟中毒病区降氟改水率较高,儿童氟斑牙病情得到有效控制,但仍需加强水质监测,提高改水合格率,并有效落实各项综合防控措施。Objective To understand the current situation of water improvement and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 in drinking-water-type endemic fluorosis(referred to as drinking-water-type fluorosis)areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(referred to as Inner Mongolia),and to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures,and provide a basis for timely adjustment of prevention and control strategies.Methods In 2019,a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the situation of water improvement and water fluoride content in all villages of 85 drinking-water-type fluorosis banners(counties)in Inner Mongolia,and all the children aged 8 to 12 were examined for dental fluorosis.Results Among the 9623 disease affected villages in the region,the water improvement projects were completed in 8547 villages,and the water improvement rate was 88.82%.There were 7145 water improvement villages whose water fluoride content met the national drinking water hygiene standard,which accounted for 83.60%(7145/8547)of the total villages with water improvement projects.A total of 118857 children aged 8 to 12 were examined,and 9123 cases of dental fluorosis were detected.The detection rate of dental fluorosis was 7.68%,which was lower than the upper limit of the dental fluorosis detection rate of fluorosis area standards(30%).Conclusions The accomplishment rate of water improvement projects in drinking-water-type fluorosis areas of Inner Mongolia is high,and the condition of children's dental fluorosis has been effectively controlled.However,it is still necessary to strengthen the water quality monitoring,improve the qualified rate of water improvement projects,and effectively implement various comprehensive prevention and control measures.

关 键 词：氟中毒 牙 饮水型 改水 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]