高寒草甸地区土壤理化性质对补播牧草出苗率的影响  

EFFECT OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ALPINE MEADOW ON THE YIELD OF FORAGE GRASS

作　　者：毛俊萍 MAO Jun-ping(Guinan County Natural Resources Bureau,Mangla Qinghai 813100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵南县自然资源局,青海茫拉813100

出　　处：《青海草业》2021年第4期15-22,43,共9页Qinghai Prataculture

摘　　要：草地补播是重要的草地改良措施。草地补播能增加草层的植被种类成分,增加草地覆盖度,改善草地群落品质,提高草地产草量,增加优质牧草比例和减少有毒有害植物。为了检验草地补播的成功是否,我们在海南州贵南县加尚村滩地的高寒草甸补播地上进行了调查,进行了土壤理化性质对补播牧草出苗率的影响研究,土壤理化因子有0-7.5 cm土层的pH、全N、全P、全K、碱解N、速效P、速效K、有机质、温度、电导率、湿度,表层0 cm处紧实度、表层5 cm紧实度、表层10 cm紧实度、表层15 cm紧实度、表层20 cm紧实度、表层25 cm紧实度、表层30 cm紧实度、表层35 cm紧实度、表层40 cm紧实度、表层45 cm紧实度、表层50 cm紧实度,7.5~15土层的pH、全N、全P、全K碱解N、速效P、速效K、有机质,共30个指标。应用SPSS软件对高寒草甸补播地土壤理化性质影响补播牧草出苗率进行主成分回归得出:土壤中的pH、有机质、电导率、全N、全K,对补播牧草出苗率的影响很大(累计贡献率达到83.524%),其他的也有一定的影响,但不明显;在0~7.5 cm的土层中,碱解N、速效P,速效K,几乎无影响;土壤紧实度中,表层0 cm处紧实度的影响力大于表层5 cm处紧实度的影响力,表层5 cni处紧实度的影响力大于表层10 c_m处紧实度的影响力;随着土层越来越深,对出苗率的影响越小,表层30 cm处以下紧实度对补播牧草出苗率几乎无影响;在7.5~15 cm的土层中,碱解N、速效P对补播牧草出苗率有一定的影响。Re-sowjng herbage is important measures of grassland improvement,and it can inc rease vegetation species composition and grassland coverage,so as to improve the quality of grassland communities,herbage yield,and the proportion of high quality forage,and to reduce poisonous and harmful plants.In order to test the re—sowing success,we investigated the re-sowing ground of alpine meadow at Jiashang Village,Guinan County,HainanPrefecture.The effect of physicochemical properties of soil on the seedling rate of sowing herbage was studied.Soil physical and chemical factors which are a total of 30 indicators were investigated.They are respec-tivelyO〜7.5 cm pH,N,P,K,available N,available P,available K,organic matter,temperature,humidity,sur-face conductivity,0 cm compaction,compac tion,surface 5 cm surface 10 cm surface 15 cm compaction,compaction,compaction,surface 20 cm surface 25 cm surface 30 cm compaction,compaction,compaction,surface 35 cm surface compaction 40 cm 45 cm,surface compaction,compaction,surface 50 cm 7.5〜15pH,total N,to-tal P,total K available N,available P,available K and organic matter..By using SPSS software,principal component regression on the effect of soil physical and chemical properties on reseeding forages emergence rate in alpine meadow was conducted..The results were shown that the soil pH,organic matter,conductivity,total N and total K are the main factors to affect the seedling emergence rate of reseeding herbage(the cumulative con-tribution rate reached 83.5%),and others have a little effect.In the level of soil 0〜7.5 cm,the alkali solution N,available P and available K almost have no effect.The surface soil compaction degree has more influence to the seedling emergence rate than the compaction in the level of soil 5 cm.The compaction degree in the level of soil 5 cm has more influence than that in soil 10 cm.The soil compaction degree has a decreasing influence with increase of soil deep.There is no influence to the germination rate below soil 30 cm.Alkaline hydrolysis N and avail

关 键 词：高寒草甸 补播 土壤理化性质 出苗率 

分 类 号：S603.6[农业科学—园艺学]