大通县季节性冻土深度变化及影响因子分析  

ANALYSIS OF SEASONAL FROZEN SOIL DEPTH VARIATION AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS IN DATONG COUNTY

作　　者：张翠花 柴世秀 ZHANG Cui-hua(Qinghai Province Datong County Meteorological Bureau,Xining Qinghai 810199,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省西宁市大通县气象局,青海桥头810199

出　　处：《青海草业》2021年第4期51-54,共4页Qinghai Prataculture

摘　　要：为了解大通县季节性冻土冻结深度的变化对气候变化的响应,利用大通县气象观测站1994~2020年最大冻土深度、冻土期间平均气温(10月~次年4月)、平均最低气温、极端最低气温和平均地面温度、平均最低地面温度、极端最低地面温度资料,采用线性倾向估计、相关系数等方法,分析了大通县季节性冻土最大冻结深度的演变规律及其与气温、地温等要素之间的关系。结果表明:大通县最大冻土深度多年平均可达87 cm,最大值出现在2007年为114 cm,最小值出现在2010和2015年为68 cm,两者相差46 cm;在整个气候变暖的大背景下,27a来大通站最大冻土深度逐年减小的趋势较为显著(P=0.01),线性趋势为7.5cm/10a。并且存在明显的阶段性变化,呈现“减一增一减”的趋势,最大冻土深度的变化与冬季平均气温和地温变化呈显著的负相关关系,气温和地温低则冻土层厚,否则冻土层薄。土壤冻结和解冻的早晚影响作物播种和牧草返青的推迟或提前,进而影响当年农作物发育期和产量,因此,研究季节性冻土深度变化规律,对合理利用气候资源,指导农业生产,开展农业气象服务具有一定的参考价值。In order to understand the response of seasonal frozen soil depth change to climate change in Datong County station,the data of maximum frozen soil depth,average temperature during frozen soil period(October to next April),average minimum temperature,extreme minimum air temperature,average ground temperature,average minimum ground temperature and extreme minimum ground temperature were used,Based on linear trend estimation and correlation coefficient,the evolution law of maximum freezing depth of seasonal frozen soil in Datong County station and its relationship with air temperature,ground temperature and other factors are analyzed.The results show that the maximum permafrost depth of Datong station is 87cm,the maximum value is 114cm in 2007,and the minimum value is 68cm in 2010 and 2015,with a difference of 46cm;Under the background of global warming,the maximum frozen soil depth of Datong station in the past 27 years decreased significantly year by year(P=0.01),and the linear trend was 7.5 cm/10a.The maximum frozen soil depth has a significant negative correlation with the average temperature and ground temperature in winter.If the temperature and ground temperature are low,the frozen soil layer is thick,otherwise the frozen soil layer is thin.The frozen soil basically begins to freeze at the end of October,reaches the deepest at the end of January next year,and completely melts in April.The climate warming in Datong is obvious,especially in winter,the annual linear trend warming rate is 0.36℃/10a.With the warming of winter climate,the maximum frozen soil depth tends to be shallow.

关 键 词：冻土变化 影响因子 分析 

分 类 号：S161[农业科学—农业气象学]