从“关王会”到“军坡节”——明清以来海南“装军”信俗之演变与重构  

From“Guanwang Fete”to“Junpo Festival”——The Evolution and Reconstruction of the Custom of“Zhuangjun”in Hainan Province since Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：郑苏文 陈文畑 ZHENG Suwen;CHEN Wentian(College of Humanities and Law, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology,Maoming 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东石油化工学院文法学院,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《广东石油化工学院学报》2021年第5期40-44,共5页Journal of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：广东省普通高校特色创新项目(2020WTSCX057);茂名市哲学社科规划共建项目(2020GJ06);广东省非物质文化遗产研究基地开放基金项目(600203)。

摘　　要：今日海南之“军坡”活动,遍及岛之南北,一般认为因古代杰出俚人首领冼夫人而生,且其各个环节均有与冼夫人可以对应的传说存在。然而,考之文献及结合田野调查可知,至今盛行的“军坡”活动,本源于元明以来民间之关王“装军”习俗,用之于关王会活动。明初冼夫人信俗被纳入官方礼制,且在明中后期黎瑶之乱的影响下,冼夫人信俗在海南日渐盛行,加之当地官员、乡绅的大力参与引导,“装军”信俗渐与冼夫人信俗结合,形成了更加系统的军坡活动。“Junpo activities”in Hainan are very popular all over the south and north of the island today.It is generally believed that the“Junpo activities”were born out of the ancient outstanding leader of the Li minority,Madam Xian,and there are legends related to Madam Xian in all links of junpo activities.However,according to the literature and field investigation,the current“Junpo activities”are originated from the“Zhuangjun”custom of sacrificial rites of Guan Yu,which was a part of“Guanwang Fete”.In the early Ming Dynasty,“Madam Xian”was incorporated into the official sacrificial system.Under the influence of li and Yao minority's rebellion in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,Madam Xian’s faith and common customs became increasingly popular in Hainan.With the active participation and guidance of local officials and gentry,“Zhuangjun”gradually combined with Madam Xian's faith and common customs,becoming more systematic.

关 键 词：海南 民间信俗 乡绅 冼夫人 

分 类 号：K892[历史地理—民俗学]