系统化视力保健课程对小学生预防近视知信行水平及视力的影响  

Impact of systematic vision care curriculum on the level of"knowledge,attitude,practice"and vision among primary school students

作　　者：刘辉[1] 叶盛 柏玲 刘黎[1] LIU Hui;YE Sheng;BAI Ling;LIU Li(Section of School Health,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,江苏南京210003 [2]南京金陵儿童青少年视力保健中心

出　　处：《中国校医》2021年第9期657-659,717,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的评价系统化视力保健课程在近视防控中的效果。方法选取南京市4所小学共618名三年级学生作为研究对象,其中干预组327名,对照组291名。对干预组实施为期1年的以系统化视力保健课程为核心的干预。结果干预组和对照组的知识维度提升均值分别为6.96分、2.15分,态度维度提升均值分别为8.19分、2.47分,行为维度提升均值分别为10.08分、3.17分,差异均有统计学意义(t=17.891、27.836、20.644,P<0.001)。干预后,干预组新发筛查性近视率25.30%、裸眼远视力(4.82±0.28)、等效球镜度数(-0.70±1.20)D,对照组分别为29.18%、(4.83±0.26)、(-0.67±1.16)D,但差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.917,t=0.390、0.248,P>0.05)。结论系统化视力保健课程能提高小学生的防近知信行水平,但短期内对视力影响不明显。Objective To evaluate the effect of the systematic vision care courses on the prevention and control of myopia.Methods A total of 618 third-grade students from 4 primary schools in Nanjing City were selected as objects.The intervention group(327 cases)was given a one-year intervention based on systematic vision care courses but the control group was not.Results The mean values of knowledge improvement in the intervention group and control group were 6.96 and 2.15 respectively(t=17.891,P<0.001),the mean values of attitude improvement in the intervention group and control group were 8.19 and 2.47 respectively(t=27.836,P<0.001),and the mean values of behavior improvement in the intervention group and control group were 10.08 and 3.17 respectively(t=20.644,P<0.001).After the intervention,the rate of new-onset screening myopia in the intervention group was 25.30%,the uncorrected distance vision was(4.82±0.28),and the equivalent spherical refraction was(-0.70±1.20)D,and the above three indicators in the control group were 29.18%,(4.83±0.26),and(-0.67±1.16)D,respectively,but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.917,t=0.390,0.248,all P>0.05).Conclusion The health education intervention can help effectively improve the level of the"knowledge,attitudes and practices"among the students,but in the short term,the effects on vision may be not significant.

关 键 词：学生 近视 卫生教育 健康知识 态度 实践 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]