论宋元禅寺中的节庆饮茶——以端午、重阳为例  

Research on Festive Tea Drinking in Zen Temples of the Song and Yuan Dynasties:Taking the Dragon Boat Festival and Chongyang Festival as Examples

作　　者：纪雪娟 Ji Xuejuan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院古代史研究所

出　　处：《农业考古》2021年第5期152-158,共7页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“域外汉籍所见宋代僧人文化认同研究”(项目编号:19CZS026)。

摘　　要：宋元禅寺于中国传统节日端午节、重阳节由住持上堂烧香说法,僧众饮茶。僧人于端午饮菖蒲茶、重阳饮茱萸茶最早见于宋代寺院,即将茶与菖蒲、茱萸研磨后点饮,或于茶汤中加入菖蒲、茱萸碎末煮饮。元代《敕修百丈清规》正式将其写入寺院仪轨,令天下僧人遵行,并一直延续至明清。宋元禅师语录与灯录保留有端午、重阳上堂说法并饮用菖蒲茶、茱萸茶的记载,其内容多带有驱邪禳灾、蠲除病疾的意味。宋元禅寺节庆饮用菖蒲茶、茱萸茶,反映了僧人对中华文化的强烈认同,同时影响了宋元文人的饮茶风俗。On the traditional Chinese festivals of Dragon Boat Festival and Chongyang Festival in Zen temples of Song and Yuan Dynasties,the abbot burned incense and spoke in the hall while the Buddhists drunk tea.During the Dragon Boat Festival and Chongyang Festival,Buddhists drunk cornelian tea,which were first seen in monasteries of the Song Dynasty.They grinded tea,calamus and cornelian and then drunk,or added calamus and cornelian to the tea soup and boiled it.In the Yuan Dynasty,it was formally incorporated into the monastic rituals in the Chixiu Baizhang Monastic Rules,followed by monks across the country and continued until the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Quotations or recordings written by Song and Yuan Zen Buddhists preserved the records of the Dragon Boat Festival and Chongyang Festival drinking of calamus tea and cornelian tea,the content of which mostly carries the meaning of warding off evil spirits and avoiding disasters,and remitting illnesses and diseases.The drinking of calamus tea and cornelian tea at Zen temples of the Song and Yuan dynasties in festivals reflected the monks’strong identification with Chinese culture,while influencing the tea drinking customs of the Song and Yuan literati.

关 键 词：宋元禅寺 菖蒲茶 茱萸茶 清规 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]