Contrasting lipid biomarkers in mountain rivers in the Nepal Himalayas: Organic matter characteristics and contribution to the fluvial carbon pool  

作　　者：Rajendra Bhandari Joyanto Routh Subodh Sharma Rajendra Joshi 

机构地区：[1]Department of Thematic Studies–Environmental Change,Linköping University,Sweden [2]Aquatic Ecology Center,Kathmandu University,Nepal [3]Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kathmandu University,Nepal [4]Department of Chemical Science and Engineering,Kathmandu University,Nepal

出　　处：《Geoscience Frontiers》2021年第6期1-15,共15页地学前缘（英文版）

基　　金：This work was supported by the funding provided by Ventenskapsådet(Grant No.2016-05642)to JR.

摘　　要：The Nepal Himalayas is the source of many glacial and spring-fed river systems crisscrossing the mountainous terrain.There is an increasing recognition of small mountain rivers(SMRs)to have a significant combined export of dissolved and particulate organic carbon to the global carbon flux.We analyzed fluvial sediments from two SMRs and compared the results with two large mountain rivers(LMRs)in Nepal.We investigated the organic matter(OM),its compositional variability,and seasonal export using a suite of lipid biomarkers,namely n-alkanes,n-alkanoic acids,n-alkanols,and sterols.The SMRs indicated a similarity in lipid distribution and were affected by a strong seasonal variability.The LMRs showed a distinct contrast in the distribution of lipids in suspended sediments.Bedload sediments in SMRs were derived from diverse sources with weak terrigenous dominance all-year-round compared to the suspended load.Functional lipids(n-alkanoic acids and n-alkanols)were the major constituents in SMR sediments,indicating better preservation.In contrast,n-alkane concentration dominated over other fractions in suspended sediments retrieved from LMRs.The biomarker trends differentiate SMRs from LMRs with lower transformed/degraded OM in SMRs.A common observation was the strong presence of even carbon compounds in short-chain n-alkanes in SMR bedload sediments and their predominance in suspended sediments in LMRs.Such an unusual trend is attributed to specific biomarker sources from the catchment and ongoing processes in fluvial systems.Topsoil colonized by fungal species under moist acidic conditions and autochthonous bacteria contributes to the organic matter pool in shallow SMRs.In LMRs,the contribution from thermally mature sedimentary hydrocarbons and the diagenetic reduction of nalkanoic acids to n-alkanes are additional contributors to the allochthonous carbon pool.The differences in lipid concentrations,their distribution,seasonality,and the size of rivers suggest differential preservation/degradation of the organic matter

关 键 词：Fluvial sediments BEDLOAD Suspended load MONSOON Biomarkers BIOGEOCHEMISTRY 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学]