胭脂鱼消化道形态与组织学结构特征  

Morphology and histological structures of digestive tract of Myxocyprinus asiaticus

作　　者：倪君杰 郑学斌 王建平 竺俊全[1] NI Junjie;ZHENG Xuebin;WANG Jianping;ZHU Junquan(Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315832,China;Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fisheries,Ningbo 315042,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学教育部应用海洋生物技术重点实验室,浙江宁波315823 [2]宁波市海洋与渔业研究院,浙江宁波315042

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（理工版）》2021年第6期50-54,共5页Journal of Ningbo University：Natural Science and Engineering Edition

基　　金：宁波市科技计划(2019C10046).

摘　　要：为了解胭脂鱼消化道结构特点与其食性的相关性,采用解剖及石蜡切片技术观察分析了胭脂鱼消化道形态及组织学结构特征.结果显示:胭脂鱼消化道中无胃,主要由口咽腔、食道及肠组成.口咽腔内具短小的舌,食道粗短,肠道较长且有3个盘曲,肠指数为2.31±0.10.口咽腔表面被覆复层扁平上皮,内分布有较多味蕾,起食物的选择和甄别作用.食道和肠道均由黏膜层、黏膜下层、肌层和浆膜层构成.食道肌层发达,黏膜层上皮内有较多杯状细胞,主要起食物的润滑和过渡作用;肠道是胭脂鱼消化道行使消化吸收功能的主要部位,其黏膜层上皮为单层柱状上皮,内有杯状细胞分布,游离面具明显的纹状缘,且前、中肠的肠径、肌层厚度和黏膜褶皱高度均显著高于后肠,表明前、中肠可能具有更强的消化吸收作用.胭脂鱼消化道形态及组织学结构特点与其杂食食性相适应.To investigate the relationship between structural characteristics and feeding habits of the digestive tract in the Myxocyprinus asiaticus,the anatomical and histological techniques were used to observe the morphological and histological structure of the digestive tract.The results showed that the digestive tract consisted of three parts:an oropharyngeal cavity with a short and small tongue,a short but thick esophagus,and a 3 counts of convoluted intestine with index 2.31±0.10.However,stomach was not observed in the digestive tract.In the oropharyngeal cavity,a large number of taste buds were evident on the stratified squamous epithelium and played an important role in distinguishing foods.The esophagus and intestine were consisted of mucosa,sub mucosa,muscle layer,and serosa tissues.A large number of goblet cells localized to the stratified epithelium of esophagus and the muscle layer was thick.The esophagus was a critical organ for food lubrication and delivery.In the intestine,brush border and some of goblet cells were observed on the surface of the single columnar epithelium.The diameter of intestine,thickness of muscle layer and height of mucosal folded in the anterior and middle intestine were greater than the posterior intestine.The intestine was the main place for M.asiaticus to digest food.The anterior and middle intestine may digest food at a higher intensity than the posterior intestine.The results reveal that the morphological and histological characteristics of the digestive tract of M.asiaticus are suited to its omnivorous feeding habits.

关 键 词：胭脂鱼 消化道 形态学 组织学 食性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]