不同丰容方式对黑白领狐猴行为的影响  

The Influence of Different Enrichment Patterns on Black and White Ruffed Lemur's(Varecia variegata)Behavior

作　　者：王颖[1] 倪俊[1] 刘群秀[1] 裴恩乐 WANG Ying;NI Jun;LIU Qunxiu;PEI Enle(Shanghai Zoo,Shanghai,200335,China)

机构地区：[1]上海动物园,上海200335

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2021年第4期1117-1122,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：上海市绿化和市容管理局资助项目(G170420)。

摘　　要：2017年3月—2018年10月,分4个阶段,采取不同丰容方法对上海动物园的1对黑白领狐猴(Varecia variegata)进行丰容试验。在展区内安装摄影机,采用瞬时扫描记录法记录动物行为,扫描取样间隔时间为5 min。结果显示:总体来看,雌雄性的休息行为占比均最大,分别为(56.40±7.14)%和(54.31±8.17)%,雄性的行走、取食行为均多于雌性;雌性的理毛、张望行为略大于雄性。食物丰容和环境丰容都减少了雄性的休息和理毛行为,增加了行走、攀爬、嗅闻和张望行为;但对于雌性来说,环境丰容使其休息和理毛行为减少,行走、攀爬和张望行为增加。雌雄个体的休息行为在09:00有1个明显的低谷,取食行为在10:00有1个高峰。悬挂行为在食物丰容的09:00—10:00有1个明显的高峰。研究表明,丰容增加了圈养领狐猴的活动量和移动行为,对动物产生了积极的影响,提升了动物的福利水平。From March 2017 to October 2018,we investigated the time budget of two captive black and white ruffed lemur(Varecia variegata)through the four-stage experiments of dietary and environmental enrichment at Shanghai Zoo.We installed two cameras in the exhibit to record animal behaviors,then collected data by using instantaneous time-sampling method with a 5-min time interval.The results showed that in general,the female and male individuals spent most of daily time in resting behavior,accounting for(56.40±7.14)%and(54.31±8.17)%,respectively.The male individual spent more time in walking and feeding behaviors than the female individual.The female individual spent more time in grooming and watching behaviors than the male individual.Both dietary enrichment and environmental enrichment reduced the male individual's resting and grooming behaviors while increased the male individual's walking,climbing,sniffing and watching behaviors.Only environmental enrichment reduced the female individual's resting and grooming behaviors while increased the female individual's climbing and watching behaviors.The female and male individuals hit an obviously low period at 9 o'clock in the morning in resting behavior while reached a peak at 10 o'clock in the morning in feeding behavior.Their hanging behaviors reached a peak from 9 o'clock to 10 o'clock in the morning under dietary enrichment.As a result,both dietary and environmental enrichment played positive roles in activity and movement of captive black and white ruffed lemur and enhanced animal welfare.

关 键 词：黑白领狐猴 环境丰容 食物丰容 行为分配 动物福利 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]