单阳家庭HIV/AIDS感染告知及性行为现况调查  

Current situation investigation on HIV/AIDS infection notification and sexual behavior in families with single-positive infection

作　　者：秦其荣[1,2] 张凤林 豆正东[4] 郑炜[5] 艾平[6] 包敏[7] 韩从明 项可霞[1] 黄芬[9] QIN Qi-rong;ZHANG Feng-lin;DOU Zheng-dong;ZHENG Wei;AI Ping;BAO Min;HAN Cong-ming;XIANG Ke-xia;HUANG Fen(Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Ma’anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ma'anshan Anhui,243011,China;School of Public Health,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu Anhui,233030,China;Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Anqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anqing Anhui,246000,China;Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Wuhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhu Anhui,241000,China;Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Huangshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huangshan Anhui,245000,China;Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Xuancheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuancheng Anhui,242000,China;Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Chizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chizhou Anhui,247100,China;Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Tongling Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tongling Anhui,244000,China;School of Public Health,Anhui Medical College,Hefei Anhui,230032,China)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽马鞍山243011 [2]蚌埠医学院公共卫生学院,安徽蚌埠233030 [3]安庆市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽安庆246000 [4]芜湖市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽芜湖241000 [5]黄山市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽黄山245000 [6]宣城市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽宣城242000 [7]池州市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽池州247100 [8]铜陵市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽铜陵244000 [9]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第16期2216-2220,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2017年马鞍山市科技局立项课题(YL-2017-03)。

摘　　要：目的为了解单阳家庭中人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)/艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)感染告知及性行为情况,为HIV/AIDS患者的科学管理提供依据。方法2018年6月-2019年6月,采用面对面问卷调查的方式在安徽省江南片区马鞍山、芜湖、铜陵、池州、安庆、宣城和黄山7个城市的艾滋病单阳家庭进行调查,收集患者及其配偶相关信息并进行质量控制。结果共调查HIV阳性感染者217例,男性所占比例为78.34%,女性仅占21.66%,患者年龄主要分布在23~75岁,平均年龄(42.67±10.21)岁;HIV阳性感染者和阴性配偶之间性别和文化程度的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.421,P<0.05),初次确诊抗体阳性的时间大多是在2009-2019年,占所有单阳家庭的95.85%,阳性配偶愿意将自身的感染状况告知的占89.86%。HIV阴性配偶共206例,平均年龄(41.54±9.97)岁,其中希望配偶告知的占95.15%。阴性配偶HIV/AIDS告知意愿显著高于阳性配偶意愿(χ^(2)=4.219,P<0.05),单阳家庭夫妻中阴性配偶HIV检测率为93.69%,在检测结果中,抗体阳性的有4人,1人为男性,3人为女性,配偶检测HIV阳性率为2.07%。结论在单阳家庭中,夫妻间性行为会明显降低,安全套的使用率明显升高,男性、最近6个月发生婚外性行为的HIV感染者更容易向阴性配偶告知自身感染情况。Objective To understand the HIV/AIDS infection notification and sexual behavior of families with single-positive infection,provide evidence for scientific management of HIV/AIDS patients. Methods From June 2018 to June 2019,a face-toface questionnaire survey was conducted in the families with single-positive HIV infection in seven cities of Jiangnan region of Anhui Province,including Ma’anshan,Wuhu,Tongling,Chizhou,Anqing,Xuancheng and Huangshan,to collect relevant information of patients and their spouses and conduct quality control. Results A total of 217 HIV positive patients were investigated. The proportion of males was 78.34%,and females only accounted for 21.66%. The patients were mainly aged from 23 to average age of(42.67±10.21) years old. There was a statistically significant difference in gender and education between HIV posi-tive patients and their negative spouses(χ^(2)=13.421,P<0.05). Most of patients firstly confirmed positive antibody during 2009-2019,accounting for 95.85% of the all families with single-positive infection,and 89.86% of the positive spouses were willing to tell their infection status. There were 206 HIV negative spouses with an average age of(41.54±9.97)years old,of which 95.15% wanted to be informed by their spouses. The willingness to inform about HIV/AIDS of the negative spouse was significantly higher than that of the positive spouse(χ^(2)=4.219,P<0.05). The HIV test rate of negative spouses was 93.69% in families with single-positive infection.The test results showed that 4 people were positive for HIV antibody,including 1 male and 3 females,and the HIV positive rate of spouses was 2.07%. Conclusion In families with single-positive infection,the sexual behavior between husband and wife will be significantly reduced,and the use rate of condoms will increase significantly. Males and positive HIV-infected persons with more extramarital sex in the last six months are more likely to inform their infection status to the negative spouse.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 单阳家庭 阴性配偶 告知 性行为 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]