体胚发生的分子调控机制及其在花卉中的研究进展  

Molecular regulatory mechanism of somatic embryogenesis and its research progress in ornamental plants

作　　者：许雯婷 刘慧春[1] 张加强[1] 周江华[1] 朱开元[1] XU Wenting;LIU Huichun;ZHANG Jiaqiang;ZHOU Jianghua;ZHU Kaiyuan(Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 311251,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院园林植物与花卉研究所,杭州311251

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2021年第8期1625-1632,共8页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：浙江省农科院青年人才项目(2020R25R08E03);杭州市科技计划引导项目(20191231Y158)。

摘　　要：体胚发生是指植物组织在外源刺激的推动下,由体细胞经历脱分化,获得胚性后继续增殖分化,最终形成完整胚胎的过程。体胚发生是植物离体再生的一种重要途径,在植物无性快繁、遗传转化等领域都具有巨大的应用价值。本文将体胚发生过程分为诱导、增殖、体胚发育三个相对独立的阶段,对体胚发生过程中特别是诱导阶段的分子调控机制进行了分析总结。在诱导阶段,体细胞经历脱分化过程重新获得全能性,通过LEC1、LEC2、WOXs、BBM等胚性标记基因的表达转变为胚性细胞。随后,胚性细胞在高浓度外源生长素的条件下保持增殖,当去除外源激素后胚性细胞进入分化阶段,最终发育成体胚。此外,本文介绍了体胚发生在康乃馨、蔷薇属花卉、牡丹等主要花卉品种中的研究进展,总结了影响花卉体胚发生的主要因素,为体胚发生技术在花卉中的进一步研究和应用提供参考。Somatic embryogenesis(SE)is a reproduction process where embryos are produced from plant tissue through dedifferentiation,embryonic acquisition,and differentiation promoted by exogenous stimulation.SE is an important in vitro regeneration pathway for plants and is widely applied to rapid clonal propagation,transformation and other fields.Process of SE is divided into three relatively independent stages including induction,proliferation,and somatic embryo development in this article.Molecular regulatory mechanism during SE especially induction stage is summarized.During induction stage,somatic cell experiences dedifferentiation and regains totipotency.Expression of embryonic marker genes such as LEC1,LEC2,WOXs,and BBM promotes totipotent cell translating into embryonic cell.Proliferation of embryonic cell can be maintained under high concentration of exogenous auxin.On the other hand,embryonic cell will enter differentiation process and finally become a somatic embryo.Besides,research progresses of SE in ornamental plants for example carnation,rose,and tree peony are introduced.Meanwhile,major factors affecting SE in ornamental plants are summarized.The review provides reference for further research and application of SE technology in ornamental plants.

关 键 词：体胚发生 分子调控机制 花卉 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]