干旱处理对不同玉米品种叶片光合速率和抗氧化特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Drought Treatment on Photosynthesis Rate, Antioxidant Properties of Leaves and Yield of Different Maize Varieties

作　　者：裴志超[1] 周继华[1] 徐向东 兰宏亮[1] 王俊英[1] 郎书文[1] 张伟强 Pei Zhichao;Zhou Jihua;Xu Xiangdong;Lan Hongliang;Wang Junying;Lang Shuwen;Zhang Weiqiang(Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension,Beijing 100029,China;Miyun District Agricultural Vocational College of Beijing,Beijing 101500,China;Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453002,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农业技术推广站,北京100029 [2]北京市密云区农业职业技术学校,北京101500 [3]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第5期95-100,共6页Crops

基　　金：北京市粮经作物产业创新团队(BAIC09-2018);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(FIRI2018-01)。

摘　　要：玉米是对干旱比较敏感的粮食作物,不同品种应对干旱胁迫的能力存在差异。以6个普通玉米品种为材料,在北京市郊区大田条件下,采用裂区设计,以灌溉处理为对照,分析干旱处理对不同玉米品种叶片光合速率(Pn)和抗氧化特性及产量的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,干旱处理下不同品种玉米Pn降低幅度为京农科728(15.63%)<MC703(15.84%)<农华101(16.34%)<登海618(16.92%)<郑单958(19.15%)<联创808(21.74%)。干旱处理后,不同品种玉米叶片的抗氧化酶(SOD、POD和CAT)活性均显著降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著提高;表现为京农科728和MC703的SOD活性显著高于其余品种,而POD活性、CAT活性及MDA含量在品种间无显著差异。与对照相比,干旱处理对产量的影响在品种间差异显著,最终产量降低幅度为京农科728(15.47%)<登海618(17.62%)<农华101(21.83%)<MC703(26.20%)<郑单958(27.41%)<联创808(27.30%)。Maize is an important cereal crop that is sensitive to drought stress. There are differences in drought tolerance among different genotypes in response to drought stress. In this study, the effects of drought treatment on photosynthetic rate(Pn), antioxidant properties, and yield of maize leaves of different genotypes were analyzed by using six common maize varieties as materials and adopting split block design under field conditions in the suburbs of Beijing. The results showed that Pn of different maize varieties significantly decreased in Jingnongke 728(15.63%) < MC703(15.84%) < Nnonghua 101(16.34 %) < Denghai 618(16.92%) < Zhengdan 958(19.15%) < Lianchuang 808(21.74 %) by drought treatment. Under drought treatment, the activities of antioxidant enzymes(SOD, POD, and CAT) and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in maize leaves of different varieties were significantly decreased. SOD activities of Jingnongke 728 and MC703 were significantly higher than that of other cultivars, while POD activity, CAT activity, and MDA content were not significantly different among varieties by the drought treatment. Compared with the irrigation treatment, the effect of drought treatment on yield was significantly different among varieties, and the final yield reduction was Jingnongke 728(15.47%) < Denghai 618(17.62%) < Nonghua 101(21.83%) < MC703(26.20%) < Zhengdan 958(27.41%) < Lianchuang 808(27.30%).

关 键 词：玉米 品种 干旱胁迫 光合速率 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]