灌溉条件下燕麦氮、磷、钾配方施肥效应分析及与产量回归模型的建立  

The Effects Analysis of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilization on Oat and Establishment of Yield Regression Model under Irrigation Condition

作　　者：张平珍[1] 张克厚 陈莺[1] 陈靖萍[1] 罗健科[1] 王泽宇[1] Zhang Pingzhen;Zhang Kehou;Chen Ying;Chen Jingping;Luo Jianke;Wang Zeyu(Baiyin Agricultural Science Research Institute,Baiyin 730900,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]白银市农业科学研究所,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第5期101-107,共7页Crops

基　　金：甘肃省特色作物产业体系“荞燕麦岗位/燕麦品种技术研发”(GARS-TSZ-2);甘肃省科技重大专项计划“甘肃省小杂粮新品种选育与示范”燕麦课题(18ZD2NA008);甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心重点科技项目“特色小杂粮品种及配套绿色增效技术集成示范”。

摘　　要：为探讨灌溉条件下燕麦品种银燕6号氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)配方施肥的肥料效应,采用"3414"试验方案,研究N、P、K不同施用配比对燕麦产量和农艺性状的影响,建立了施肥与产量的回归模型,为构建灌溉条件下燕麦施肥指标体系提供科学依据。结果表明,处理N2P2K2籽粒产量(5100.0kg/hm2)、肥料贡献率(34.8%)、产值(20 400.0元/hm2)在14个处理中均最高;增产效应为N>P>K,并且N、P、K肥间存在明显的交互作用;N、P、K单种肥料施用量与籽粒产量呈抛物线关系,根据拟合函数得出,N、P、K最大施用量分别为229.8、80.5、26.4kg/hm2;根据N、P2O5和K2O施用量对籽粒产量的影响,建立了三因素的施肥数学模型,进一步得出,燕麦产量≥4950.0kg/hm2时,氮(N)︰磷(P2O5)︰钾(K2O)施肥比例为1.54︰1︰0.23,N、P2O5、K2O施用量范围分别是148.8~198.3、>112.5和14.3~37.2kg/hm2。该结论对灌溉条件下燕麦生产具有实际指导意义。This study aimed to investigate the formula fertilization effects of oat(Avena sativa) on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium under the irrigation condition. We applied the "3414" test scheme to observe oat(Yinyan 6) yield and agronomic characters under the influence of different allocations of N, P, and K. To provide a scientific basis for the establishment of oat fertilization index system under irrigation condition, a regression model between fertilization and yield was established. The results showed that grain yield(5100.0 kg/ha), fertilizer contribution rate(34.8%), and output value(20 400.0 yuan/ha) of N2 P2 K2 treatment were the highest among the 14 treatments. The yield increase effect of N, P, and K was N>P>K and there were obvious interactions among N, P, and K. The relationships between single fertilizer N, P, and K and grain yield were parabolic. According to the fitting function, the maximum N, P, and K application rates were 229.8, 80.5, and 26.4 kg/ha, respectively. According to the effects of pure N, P2O5 and K2O application rates on grain yield, a three-factor fertilization mathematical model was established. Further analytical analysis showed that oat grain yield was ≥4950.0 kg/ha when the ratio of N︰P2O5︰K2O fertilization was 1.54︰1︰0.23 and the fertilization range was 148.8-198.3 kg/ha for N, >112.5 kg/ha for P2O5, and 14.3-37.2 kg/ha for K2O. The conclusion of this study had practical guiding significance for Avena sativa production under irrigation condition.

关 键 词：燕麦 “3414”肥料设计 籽粒产量 灌溉 施肥 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]