湘南稻作烟区不同土层土壤有机质含量与氮磷钾关系研究  

Study on Soil Organic Matter Content and Its Relationship with Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Different Soil Layers of Rice-Growing Tobacco Areas in Southern Hunan

作　　者：周启运 郑重谊 荊永锋 刘勇军 彭曙光 陈焘[1] 刘智炫 胡瑞文 周清明[1] 黎娟[1] Zhou Qiyun;Zheng Chongyi;Jing Yongfeng;Liu Yongjun;Peng Shuguang;Chen Tao;Liu Zhixuan;Hu Ruiwen;Zhou Qingming;Li Juan(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Technology Development Center,Hunan China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410109,Hunan,China;Hunan Institute of Tobacco Science,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司技术开发中心,湖南长沙410109 [3]湖南省烟草科学研究所,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第5期114-119,共6页Crops

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司科技项目“湖南稻作烟区合理耕层构建与土壤培肥关键技术研究与应用”(湘烟科[2017]170)。

摘　　要：为探明湘南稻作烟区不同土层土壤有机质含量及其与主要养分的关系,于2017年在湖南长沙、衡阳和郴州3个稻作烟区采集150个土壤样本,研究了有机质的垂直分布特征及其与土壤速效养分的相关关系。结果表明,湘南稻作烟区0~50cm土层有机质含量均值为25.80g/kg,处于适宜水平,变异系数为58.98%。有机质呈表面富集化现象,随土层深度的增加而减少;且存在明显的空间变异,0~20cm土层有机质含量以郴州烟区最高,长沙烟区不同土层有机质含量均最低。有机质含量与碱解氮和速效钾含量之间存在极显著的正相关关系,与速效磷含量不存在显著的相关关系。长沙烟区有机质含量在不同土层之间都最低,应当增施有机肥来提高土壤的供肥能力,同时要通过深耕等措施来促进表层有机质矿化;衡阳和郴州表层有机质含量偏高,要通过深耕、高起垄等措施促进有机质矿化。In order to explore the soil organic matter content and its relationship with main nutrients in different soil layers in the rice-growing tobacco areas in southern Hunan. The total of 150 soil samples were collected in Changsha, Hengyang and Chenzhou areas in Hunan at the end of 2017 to study the vertical distribution of organic matter and explore the organic matter correlation with soil available nutrients. The results showed that the average organic matter in the 0-50 cm soil layer in the southern Hunan rice-growing tobacco area was 25.80 g/kg, which was at a suitable level, and coefficient of variation was 58.98%. Organic matter presented a surface enrichment phenomenon, which decreased with the increase of soil depth;and there was obvious spatial variability. The organic matter content of the 0-20 cm soil layer was the highest in the Chenzhou tobacco area, and the organic matter content in the Changsha tobacco area was the lowest. There was a significant positive correlation between the organic matter content and the content of alkali hydrolysis N and available K, and there was no significant correlation between the organic matter content and available P. Organic fertilizer should be added to improve the fertilizer supply capacity of the soil. At the same time, deep ploughing and other measures should be taken to help the mineralization of surface organic matter. The organic matter content in the surface layer of Hengyang and Chenzhou was high, so it was necessary to help the mineralization of organic matter by deep ploughing and ridging.

关 键 词：稻作烟区 土壤有机质 碱解氮 有效磷 速效钾 相关关系 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S572