北方春大豆地方品种种子活力相关性状多样性分析  

Diversity Analysis of Seed Vigor-Related Traits of Spring Soybean Landraces in North China

作　　者：郭宇琦 王财金 王洋[1] Guo Yuqi;Wang Caijin;Wang Yang(Department of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第5期211-218,共8页Crops

基　　金：农业农村部作物种质资源保护(2018NWB036-12)。

摘　　要：对104个北方春大豆地方品种的苗鲜重、苗高、下胚轴长、发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数等10个活力相关性状进行测定,并进行多样性分析。结果表明,大豆地方品种种子活力相关性状存在丰富的遗传变异,变异系数在17.65%~35.42%之间,其中发芽势变异系数最大,为35.42%,下胚轴长变异系数最小,为17.65%。相关性分析表明,除下胚轴长与根体积、根表面积、总根长呈显著负相关外,其余各性状之间呈显著或极显著正相关。聚类分析将104个大豆地方品种分为4个类群,类群Ⅲ的苗鲜重、苗高、下胚轴长、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、主根长的均值最大,类群Ⅳ总根长、根体积和根表面积的均值最大。主成分分析中前4个主成分累积贡献率达到87.854%。第1主成分反映的是大豆根系粗壮程度;第2主成分反映的是发芽速度;第3主成分反映地上部分伸长能力;第4主成分反映地下部分伸长能力。隶属函数值将104份材料按活力高低分为3类,并筛选出8个高活力地方品种(保险豆、汤原秃荚子、黄豆、宝清小金黄、和龙油太、富锦四粒黄、牛毛黄和汪清神仙洞),可作为培育高活力大豆品种的亲本材料。In this study, ten vigor-related traits, including seedling fresh weight, seedling height, hypocotyl length, germination rate, germination potential and germination index were analysed in 104 northern spring soybean landraces, and diversity analysis was carried out. The results showed that there were abundant genetic variations in seed vigor-related traits of soybean landraces. The coefficients of variation among different traits were from 17.65% to 35.42%, of which the coefficient of variation of germination potential was the largest, which was 35.42%, and the coefficient of variation of hypocotyl length was the smallest, which was 17.65%. Correlation analysis showed that, except the hypocotyl length was negatively correlated with root volume, root surface area and total root length, there were significant or extremely significant positive correlations among the other traits. Cluster analysis divided 104 soybean local resources into four groups, group Ⅲ had the largest mean values of seedling fresh weight, seedling height, hypocotyl length, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and main root length, group Ⅳ had the largest mean values of total root length, root volume, and root surface area. The cumulative contribution rate of the first four principal components in principal component analysis reached 87.854%. The first principal component reflected the robustness of the soybean root system;the second principal component reflected the germination speed;the third principal component reflected the elongation ability of the above-ground part;the fourth principal component reflected the elongation ability of the underground part. The membership function value divided 104 materials into three categories according to their vigor, and selected eight highly vigorous landraces(Baoxiandou, Tangyuantujiazi, Huangdou, Baoqingxiaojinhuang, Helongyoutai, Fujinsilihuang, Niumaohuang, and Wangqingshenxiandong) which can be used as parent materials for breeding highly vigorous soybean varieties.

关 键 词：大豆 地方品种 种子活力性状 多样性分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]