山乌桕优树自由授粉子代测定及选择  

Open-pollinated progeny test and selection of plus trees in Sapium discolor

作　　者：方扬辉 FANG Yanghui(Fujian Aviation Forest Protection Station,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China;Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture Forestry Technology Extension Center,Changji,Xinjiang 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省航空护林总站,福建福州350003 [2]昌吉回族自治州林业技术推广中心,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2021年第3期173-178,共6页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：福建省林业科技项目(闽林科便函[2020]9号)。

摘　　要：[目的]选择山乌桕速生优良家系和优良单株,以丰富其育种资源。[方法]对福建省及江西省天然林中的10个山乌桕优树进行子代测定,分析其树高和胸径在家系间的遗传变异,开展速生优良家系和优良单株的选择。[结果]6年生山乌桕胸径和树高平均值分别为11.48 cm和9.25 m,年均生长量分别为1.91 cm和1.54 m。树高、胸径家系间遗传变异系数分别为2.26%、3.14%;广义遗传力为0.7901、0.6176;狭义遗传力为0.2225、0.0817。选择树高和胸径均有正向遗传增益的3个速生优良家系:NP05、JX01和JX02,其平均树高和胸径为9.54 m和12.12 cm,遗传增益分别为0.70%和0.46%。共筛选出20株优良单株,其平均树高和胸径分别为11.35 m和15.0 cm,遗传增益分别是5.04%、2.50%。根据基因型值选择出4株无性繁殖原株,平均树高和胸径分别为13.03 m和16.7 cm,遗传增益分别为32.25%、29.08%。[结论]根据遗传增益结果,今后生产应用中应推广山乌桕优良单株繁育的无性系,以获得更高的生长增益。[Purpose]In order to select fast-growing superior families and individuals of Sapium discolor to enrich the breeding resources.[Method]The progeny test was carried out by using 10 open-pollinated families of plus trees in natural forests of Fujian and Jiangxi Provinces.Based on the analysis of the genetic variation of tree height and diameter at breast height(DBH)among families at the age of 6 a,fast-growing families and individuals were selected.[Result]The average of DBH and tree height were 11.48 cm and 9.25 m at the age of 6 a,and the average annual growth was 1.91 cm and 1.54 m respectively.The genetic variation coefficients of tree height and DBH were 2.26%and 3.14%respectively.The generalized heritability was 0.7901 and 0.6176,and the specific heritability was 0.2225 and 0.0817,respectively.According to the breeding value,the superior families of NP05,JX01 and JX02 which had positive genetic gains in height and DBH were selected.The average tree height and DBH of selected families were 9.54 m and 12.12 cm respectively,getting 0.70%and 0.46%genetic gains.Finally,twenty superior individuals were selected,and their average tree height was 11.35 m,DBH was 15.0 cm,getting 5.04%and 2.50%genetic gains.According to the genotype value,4 ortets were selected,the average tree height was 13.03 m,DBH was 16.7 cm,getting 32.25%and 29.08%genetic gains.[Conclusion]According to the genetic gain results,clones from superior trees are recommended in future application for more gains of growth.

关 键 词：山乌桕 遗传变异 自由授粉 基因型值 育种值 

分 类 号：S751[农业科学—森林经理学]