油茶幼林套种西瓜对油茶生长·经济效益·土壤理化性质的影响  

Effect of Interplant of Young Camellia oleifera Forest on Camellia oleifera Growth,Economic Benefit and Soil Physicochemical Properties

作　　者：谢向誉 魏本柱 康金林 吴志强 徐鑫 王兰英 XIE Xiang-yu;WEI Ben-zhu;KANG Jin-lin(Ganzhou Forestry Research Institute,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000;Ganzhou Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000)

机构地区：[1]赣州市林业科学研究所,江西赣州341000 [2]赣州市农机化研究所,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第21期133-136,159,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：赣州市柔性引进博士人才项目“油茶林复合经营增效模式构建与示范”。

摘　　要：[目的]探究油茶幼林套种西瓜在赣南地区的可行性。[方法]在赣南油茶种植山区以西瓜和油茶为试验材料,采用油茶幼林套种西瓜和幼林油茶纯种(对照)2个不同种植方法,比较研究了浪潮甜王西瓜03号、雪峰黑媚娘、农科大6号、荃银高科4个西瓜品种在赣南油茶幼林的产量、经济效益及生长势方面的差异,然后以筛选出的套种西瓜品种作为套种材料,比较研究了油茶幼林套种西瓜对油茶生长、经济效益及土壤理化性质的影响。[结果]间套种西瓜对油茶幼林株高、地径、冠幅(南北、东西)、SPAD没有显著影响;间套种西瓜可显著降低油茶幼林地表温度,显著提高油茶幼林地表湿度;间套种西瓜可显著降低土壤容重,显著增加土壤孔隙度和土壤含水率,显著提高土壤有机质含量、土壤速效氮、速效磷、速效钾;效益分析表明,油茶幼林套种西瓜平均年净利润为18195元/hm^(2),且油茶幼林套种不同品种西瓜的经济效益有显著差异。[结论]油茶幼林套种西瓜是一种可借鉴的套种模式。[Objective]To explore the feasibility of interplanting watermelon in Camellia oleifera young forest in southern Jiangxi.[Method]Watermelon and Camellia oleifera seedlings were used as experiment material,and two different planting models,Camellia oleifera interplanting watermelon model(treatment)and single Camellia oleifera model(control)were designed in this experiment.The yield,economic benefit and growth potential of different varieties(Langchao Tianwang 03,Xuefen Heimeiniang,Nongkeda 6,Quanying Gaoke)were compared and studied,and the selected watermelon varieties were used as material for the next experiment,and the effects of interplanting watermelon on the growth,economic benefit and soil physical and chemical properties of Camellia oleifolia were studied.[Result]The results showed that interplanting watermelon model had no significant effect on plant height,ground diameter,crown diameter(south-north,east-west),and SPAD of Camellia oleifera;interplanting watermelon could significantly reduce the surface temperature of young Camellia oleifera forests and significantly increase the surface humidity of young Camellia oleifera forests;interplanting watermelon can significantly reduce soil bulk density,significantly increase soil porosity and soil moisture content,and also significantly increase soil organic matter content,soil available nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,and soil available potassium;The economic benefit analysis showed that interplanting watermelon in young Camellia oleifera forests can get 18195 yuan/hm^(2).[Conclusion]Interplanting watermelon in Camellia oleifera forest can be used for a good reference.

关 键 词：油茶 幼林 套种 西瓜 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]