2015—2019年全国卫星林火监测热点的分析及趋势  

Analysis and Trend of National Satellite Forest Fire Monitoring Hotspots in 2015-2019

作　　者：田甜 殷继艳 贾晓丽 TIAN Tian;YIN Ji-yan;JIA Xiao-li(Ministry of Emergency Management North Aviation Forest Station,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150027;China Fire and Rescue Institute,Beijing 102202)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部北方航空护林总站,黑龙江哈尔滨150027 [2]中国消防救援学院,北京102202

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第21期140-144,171,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“森林和草原自然火灾全天候灾情监测预警与处置装置”(2020YFC1511604)。

摘　　要：对2015—2019年全国卫星监测部门发布的相关信息,对18470个监测热点,1160起林火草原火,228起境外火进行统计研究。分析热点及林草火的季节性变化、地域分布和火源种类繁多等发生特点。结果表明,热点数和火灾数在不同年份之间存在一些差异,呈上下波动状态;空间分布方面,林草火热点主要集中在我国中南、西南部和东北部,这与我国实际林草火频发区基本吻合;区域分布方面,全国热点及森林火灾主要集中在我国西南部和东北部;时间分布方面,南方地区热点及火灾集中在2—4月,东北地区集中在气候干燥的4、10月。18470 monitoring hotspots,1160 forest and grassland fires,and 228 foreign fires released by satellite monitoring departments in China from 2015 to 2019 were statistically studied.The characteristics of seasonal variation,regional distribution and fire source variety of hot spots and forest and grass fires were analyzed.The study showed that there were some differences between the hot spot number and the fire number in different years,and they fluctuated up and down;in terms of spatial distribution,the hot spots of forest and grass fires in recent five years were mainly concentrated in the central south,southwest and northeast of China,which was basically consistent with the actual frequent forest and grass fires in China;in terms of regional distribution,hot spots and forest fires were mainly concentrated in the southwest and northeast of China;in terms of time distribution,hot spots and fires in southern China were concentrated in February-April.In Northeast China,fires were concentrated in April and October when the climate is dry.The hot spots and forest fires of characteristics and trends in recent five years were summarized,which can provide reliable basis for forest fire management in China under the new situation.

关 键 词：遥感图像 森林火灾 卫星林火监测 热点 

分 类 号：S762.32[农业科学—森林保护学]