露天煤场环保型抑尘剂的制备及性能测试  

Preparation and performance characterization of environmental protection dust suppressant in open-pit coal yard

作　　者：张川 陈星明 周家家 周亭 许向彬 ZHANG Chuan;CHEN Xingming;ZHOU Jiajia;ZHOU Ting;XU Xiangbin(CCTEG Chongqing Research Institute,Chongqing 400037,China;No.11 Coal Mine,China Pingmei Shenma Group,Pingdingshan 467000,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司,重庆400037 [2]中国平煤神马集团十一矿,河南平顶山467000

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2021年第5期50-53,58,共5页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0807900);中国煤炭科工集团面上项目(2019-TD-MS019)。

摘　　要：以醋酸乙烯酯(VAC)为主要单体,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和辛基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)为复合乳化剂,采用乳液聚合的方法制备了环保型抑尘剂,对其抗风蚀、保湿、毒理、煤质影响等性能进行了评价,并结合扫描电镜分析了喷洒抑尘剂后煤粒表面的微观形貌。结果表明:该抑尘剂喷洒的煤样放置120 h后,经6级风力(风速为10.8~13.8 m/s)吹扫,煤样风蚀率仅为2%,抑尘效率达到98%;煤样失水速率略低于水,具有一定的保湿性;煤样表干后成膜,无毒无害,不会对作业人员、环境产生不良影响,喷洒抑尘剂后也不会对煤质产生影响。该抑尘剂能高效抑制煤尘飞扬,可减少露天煤场的煤尘污染和煤炭损失,保护大气环境。An environmental protection dust suppressant was synthesized by emulsion polymerization with vinyl acetate(VAC)as main monomers,potassium persulfate(KPS)as initiator,sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and octyl phenol polyoxyethylene(10)ether(OP-10)as composite emulsifier.The performance of wind erosion resistance,water retention,toxicology and coal quality impact were studied.The micro morphology of coal particle surface after spraying dust suppressant was analyzed by scanning electron microscope.The results show that after the coal sample sprayed with the dust suppressant is placed for 120 h,the wind erosion rate of the coal sample is only 2%and the dust suppression efficiency is 98%after being swept by the wind speed of class 6(wind speed is from 10.8 m/s to 13.8 m/s);the water loss rate of dust suppressant is slightly lower than that of water,which has certain moisture retention;the coal sample sheet is non-toxic and harmless after drying,it will not have adverse effects on operators and environment,and will not affect coal quality after spraying dust suppressor.The dust suppressant can effectively suppress coal dust dispersion,reduce the coal dust pollution and coal loss in the open-pit coal yard,and protect the air environment.

关 键 词：露天煤场 煤尘污染 抑尘 环保 高分子 改性 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TD824[矿业工程—煤矿开采]