湖北七姊妹山国家级自然保护区鸟类多样性及空间分布格局  

Bird diversity and spatial distribution pattern in Qizimei Mountain National Nature Reserve,Hubei Province

作　　者：陈荣友 雷耘[3] 刘昌勇 李亭亭[1] 彭宗林 汪正祥[1,5] CHEN Rongyou;LEI Yun;LIU Changyong;LI Tingting;PENG Zonglin;WANG Zhengxiang(Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Wuhan 430051,China;School of Life Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Qizimei Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration,Xuanen 445500,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉430062 [2]长江水资源保护科学研究所,武汉430051 [3]华中师范大学生命科学学院,武汉430079 [4]七姊妹山国家级自然保护区管理局,宣恩445500 [5]区域开发与环境响应湖北省重点实验室,武汉430062

出　　处：《生态科学》2021年第5期49-58,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471041);湖北省科技创新重大项目(2017ABA161);湖北省中央引导地方科技发展专项(2019ZYYD050)。

摘　　要：为全面了解七姊妹山国家级自然保护区鸟类资源状况,于2018年7月至2019年6月采用样线法、样点法,对保护区鸟类种类,生境、分布状况进行调查。结果显示:(1)保护区有鸟类251种,隶属16目52科;其中,留鸟128种(51.00%)、夏候鸟80种(31.87%)、冬候鸟27种(10.76%)、旅鸟16种(6.37%)。区内以繁殖鸟类为主,珍稀濒危鸟类种类多,鸟类资源的保护价值高。(2)鸟类区系中,东洋界物种141种(56.18%)、古北界物种71种(28.29%)、广布种39种(15.53%),以东洋界占优势,并呈现与古北界、广布种相混杂的格局。(3)各生境类型中的鸟类丰富度从高到低依次为林地>灌丛>河湖湿地>草地>村落耕地;林地与灌丛之间的鸟类群落结构相似性最高,林地与河湖湿地的最低。(4)保护区鸟类空间分布格局,在垂直方向上呈单峰模式,物种丰富度与海拔区段间存在显著的二次方程关系:y=-2.7976x2+22.631x+32.75(R2=0.954,P<0.001);在水平方向上全部鸟类丰富度呈现两端较低中间较高的分布格局。通过调查分析既丰富了七姊妹山国家级自然保护区和武陵山系的鸟类资料,也为保护区进行保护决策提供科学依据。In order to fully understand bird resources in Qizimei Mountain National Nature Reserve,the species,habitat and distribution of birds within this region were investigated using the line transect method and sampling point method from July 2018 to June 2019.Results show that:(1)there are 251 species of birds in this nature reserve,belonging to 16 orders and 52 families.Among which,the resident birds have 128 species(accounting for 51.00%of the total species),the summer migrant birds have 80 species(31.87%),the winter migrant birds have 27 species(10.76%),and the tourist birds have 16 species(6.37%).Breeding birds are dominant types in the nature reserve;besides,there are many species of rare and endangered birds,contributing to high protection value of Qizimei Mountain National Nature Reserve.(2)Floristic analysis shows 141 species have a oriental distribution(accounting for 56.18%of the total species),71 species have a palaearctic distribution(28.29%),and 39 species have a widespread distribution(15.53%),suggesting that birds fauna is dominated by oriental species but mixed with paleoarctic species and widespread species.(3)Habitat analysis shows that the order of habitats from the highest bioversity to lowest bioversity is forest land,shrub land,wetland,grassland,villages and cultivated land,respectively,with the highest similarity between the bird community structure of forest land and that of shrub land,while the lowest between the bird community structure of forest land and that of wetland.(4)Vertical distribution pattern of birds in the nature reserve shows the unimodal pattern with increasing altitude,and there is a significant quadratic relationship between species richness and altitude:y=-2.7976x2+22.631x+32.75(R2=0.954,P<0.001);in the horizontal direction,the abundance of all birds shows a similar distribution pattern with lower on both ends while higher in the middle area.This study enriched the bird data for both Qizimei Mountain National Nature Reserve and Wuling Mountains,besides,it also provided scie

关 键 词：鸟类 多样性 垂直分布 水平分布 七姊妹山国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]