羊肚菌生物学特性及生物活性研究进展  

Research Progress of Bio-characteristics and Bioactivities of Morchella spp.

作　　者：张建军[1] 贾乐[1] 李广贤[2] 周学标[2] 朱其松[2] 李景岭[2] Zhang Jianjun;Jia Le;Li Guangxian;Zhou Xuebiao;Zhu Qisong;Li Jingling(College of Life Sciences,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China;Institute of Wetland Agriculture and Ecology,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学生命科学学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省农业科学院湿地农业与生态研究所,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2021年第10期149-156,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省技术创新引导计划(鲁渝科技协作)项目(2020LYXZ003);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF107028)。

摘　　要：羊肚菌是近几年新兴的一类可人工栽培的珍稀食药用真菌,具有很高的经济价值和多种药用价值。根据查阅的相关文献资料,本文对羊肚菌的生物学特性、营养组分及生物活性的研究概况进行综述。目前可栽培的羊肚菌品种多为低温腐生型蕈菌,需要较为严格的环境条件,大田栽培中外援营养袋的提供对于稳定羊肚菌的产量和品质起到一定作用。生物活性方面,羊肚菌含有多糖、氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素等多种活性成分,表现出较好的抗氧化、抗肿瘤及器官保护等功效。本文可为羊肚菌栽培技术研究及功能性食品药品的研发提供参考和依据。As a kind of rare edible-medicinal fungi which can be cultivated artificially in recent years,the Morchella spp.shows higher economic and various medicinal values.According to the reported literatures,we generalized the bio-characteristics,nutritional components and bioactivities of Morchella spp.in this paper.Presently,the cultivable Morchella spp.was considered as low-temperature saprophytic mushrooms,which need strict environmental conditions.In the artificial cultivation,the supply of nutrition-bags plays certain roles in stabilizing the yield and quality of Morchella.In terms of biological activities,the Morchella contains polysaccharides,amino acids,fatty acids,trace elements and other active ingredients,showing better antioxidant,anti-tumor and organ protection effects.The present review was expected to provide references for the cultivation of Morchella spp.and the research and development of functional foods/drugs.

关 键 词：羊肚菌 生物学特性 生物活性 

分 类 号：S567.3[农业科学—中草药栽培]