脂肪干细胞细胞外囊泡在皮肤抗光老化中的研究进展  

Research Progress on The Anti-photoaging of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-derived Stem Cells

作　　者：杨玉玲 王佩茹 曹智 王秀丽[1,2] YANG Yuling;WANG Peiru;CAO Zhi;WANG Xiuli(Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University,Shanghai 200443,China;Institute of Photomedicine,Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital,Tongji University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200443,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学上海皮肤病临床学院,上海200443 [2]上海市皮肤病医院,同济大学医学院光医学研究所,上海200443

出　　处：《中国皮肤性病学杂志》2021年第11期1295-1299,共5页The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81872512)。

摘　　要：皮肤光老化由长期紫外线(ultraviolet, UV)辐射导致,与UV诱导炎症、皮肤基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinases, MMPs)异常过表达及胶原合成降解失衡等有关。脂肪干细胞细胞外囊泡(adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles, ADSC-EVs)是一种双层磷脂膜结构的囊泡,其中包含蛋白质、脂质、转录因子、mRNA、microRNA、long non-coding RNA和DNA等多种生物活性成分。这些活性成分被运送到皮肤组织可以发挥抗光老化作用。研究表明,ADSC-EVs通过抑制衰老相关基因(NPM1、PDCD4、CCL5、NUP62)的表达、减少因UV辐射对成纤维细胞细胞周期的影响,来促进成纤维细胞的增殖,并提高其生物活性。ADSC-EVs通过提高与细胞外基质(extracellular matrix, ECM)合成相关基因(如COL1A1、COL2A1、COL3A1、COL5A1、ELN和TIMP-1)的表达水平,来促进成纤维细胞分泌Ⅰ和Ⅲ型胶原纤维。ADSC-EVs还以减少真皮中活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)及炎症因子的产生、抑制炎症细胞的分化等方式来优化细胞生存微环境,降低致光老化因子对细胞的刺激,发挥抗光老化作用。总之,ADSC-EVs中的各种成分通过相互协同的方式,修复因紫外线辐射引起的成纤维细胞损伤,改善皮肤微环境,从而保护皮肤免受紫外线损伤,发挥抗光老化作用。Skin photoaging is caused by chronic ultraviolet radiation inducing aberrant over-expression of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) in skin, which leads to imbalance between collagen synthesis and degradation.The extracellular vesicles(EVs) derived from adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) is a kind of bilayer phospholipid membrane vesicles.EVs are rich in various proteins, lipids, transcription factors, messenger RNA(mRNA),microRNA,long non-coding RNA and DNA,which play an important role in recovery from skin photoaging.Firstly, ADSCs-EVs can significantly suppress the expression of senescence-associated genes(NPM1,PDCD4,CCL5,NUP62),as well as reduce the UV-induced cell cycle arrest, thus promoting the proliferation of fibroblasts and improving their biological functions.Secondly, it can also enhance the level of genes expression related to extracellular matrix synthesis, such as COL1 A1,COL2 A1,COL3 A1,COL5 A1,ELN and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-1),and then promote fibroblasts to produce type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen.Finally, by reducing the production of ROS and inflammatory factors in dermisand inhibiting the differentiation of inflammatory cells, ADSCs-EVs can optimize the microenvironment of cell survival to reduce the effect of UVB-irradiated factors on cells and play an anti-photoaging role.Various ADSC-EVs contents cooperate with each other to repair the damage of fibroblasts caused by ultraviolet radiation and improve the skin microenvironment, thus protecting the skin from UV damage and photoaging.

关 键 词：皮肤光老化 脂肪干细胞 细胞外囊泡 成纤维细胞 抗光老化 

分 类 号：R751[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]