云南雨季和干季小时降水的时空特性分析  

Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Hourly Precipitation in Rainy and Dry Seasons over Yunnan Province

作　　者：李耀孙[1] 原韦华[2] 孙绩华[1] 马文倩 陈小华[1] 连钰 LI Yaosun;YUAN Weihua;SUN Jihua;MA Wenqian;CHEN Xiaohua;LIAN Yu(Yunan Meteorological Observatory,Kunming 650034,China;LASG,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省气象台,昆明650034 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高原山地气象研究》2021年第3期24-32,共9页Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1507603);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0105);中国气象局广东省区域数值天气预报重点实验室开放基金(J202004)。

摘　　要：利用云南省2325个国家级台站和区域自动观测站逐小时降水数据,分析了2014~2018年云南雨季和干季的降水量、降水频次和降水强度的空间分布特征以及关键区域的降水日变化演变特征。结果表明:受复杂地形影响,云南不同区域降水特征差异显著,且与我国东部地区显著不同。年均降水量大体呈西南高、西北低的分布特征。对于云南西北部的怒江河谷地区,干、雨季降水均为夜间峰值,降水频次高,但强度较弱。对于云南最西部(99°E以西)的保山德宏地区,该地区累计降水量为云南最大,这一区域各台站日变化峰值均较为一致地出现在上午,在陆地地区较为少见。相邻的普洱和元江河谷位于云南南部(23°N以南),雨季两区域降水相当,但元江河谷在干季与雨季均为突出的夜间至清晨降水峰值,普洱地区雨季则是明显的午后降水峰值。云南中部地区降水量较周边地区明显偏小,该地区降水频次在雨季主要表现为清晨峰值,而在干季却是午后峰值更为突出,这也与我国东部地区降水日变化特征差异明显。Based on the hourly rain-gauge data of 2325 national stations and regional automatic observation stations in Yunnan Province,the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation,frequency and intensity in rainy and dry seasons of Yunnan from 2014 to 2018 are compared and analyzed.The result shows that the precipitiaon characteristics in different regions of Yunnan are significantly different due to the influence of complex terrain,and are significantly different from those in eastern China.The average annual precipitation is generally high in southwest and low in northwest.In the valleys of Nujiang River,rainfall usually peaks at night in both dry and rainy season,and the rainfall frequency is high while the rainfall intensity is weak.In the west of 99°E,the accumulated pricipitation in this area is the largest in Yunan Province.The daily variation peaks of each station in this area are relatively consistent in the morning,and are relat-ively rare in land areas.Over the area south of 23°N,the rainfall peaks are different.Over the central Yunnan province,the precipitation is relatively low,the precipitation frequency in this area is mainly characterized by the morning peak in the rainy season,and the peak is more prominent in the afternoon in the dry season,which is also significantly different from the diurnal variation of precipitation in eastern China.

关 键 词：云南降水 干季 雨季 降水日变化 降水强度 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]