大豆疫霉病病菌生防放线菌的筛选、鉴定及生防效果  

Screening,identification and biocontrol effect of actinomycetes against Phytophthora sojae

作　　者：纠敏[1,2] 李晶晶 李伟山 冯辉 刘瑞显[3] 魏利辉[2] 周冬梅[2] JIU Min;LI Jing-jing;LI Wei-shan;FENG Hui;LIU Rui-xian;WEI Li-hui;ZHOU Dong-mei(College of Food and Bioengineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江苏南京210014 [3]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2021年第5期1137-1142,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201005);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(18)2005]。

摘　　要：为了开发对大豆疫霉病病菌具有拮抗作用的放线菌资源,从健康大豆根际土壤中分离筛选获得2株对大豆疫病具有显著抑制效果的生防放线菌菌株JAX-13和JAX-14。经生理生化和分子生物学鉴定,菌株JAX-13和JAX-14分别为放线菌属细菌(Actinomycetales bacterium)和链霉菌(Streptomyces)。平板拮抗试验结果表明,2种菌株对大豆疫霉病病菌的抑制率分别为56.26%和50.06%;光学显微镜观察发现,菌株JAX-13和JAX-14发酵液处理的大豆疫霉病病菌菌丝排列杂乱无章,菌丝生长受到抑制并且菌丝内部出现原生质聚集成块现象。盆栽试验结果表明,经菌株JAX-13和JAX-14发酵液处理的大豆对大豆疫霉病病菌的防效分别达56.56%和72.22%,且菌株发酵液对大豆植株具有一定的促生作用。总体来看,菌株JAX-13和JAX-14生防效果优良,是2种具有潜在应用价值的放线菌。To develop actinomycete resources with antagonistic effect on Phytophthora sojae,two strains of biocontrol actinomycetes JAX-13 and JAX-14 were isolated and screened from healthy soybean rhizosphere soil,which had significant inhibitory effect on soybean Phytophthora blight.Through physiological,biochemical analysis and molecular biology identification,strains JAX-13 and JAX-14 were identified as Actinomycetales bacterium and Streptomyces,respectively.The results of plate confrontation test showed that,the inhibition rates of two strains to P.sojae were 56.26%and 50.06%,respectively.Through optical microscope observation,it was found that the hyphae of P.sojae treated by the fermentation broth of JAX-13 and JAX-14 strains arranged disorderly,the growth of hyphae was inhibited and the protoplasm in hyphae gathered into lumps.The results of pot experiment showed that,after treated with fermentation broth of JAX-13 or JAX-14 strain,the control effects of soybeans against P.sojae were 56.56%and 72.22%,respectively,and the fermentation broth showed some promoting effects on the growth of soybean plants.In general,strains JAX-13 and JAX-14 are two kinds of actinomycete with good biocontrol effect and show potential application value.

关 键 词：放线菌 链霉菌 生物防治 大豆疫病 大豆疫霉病病菌 

分 类 号：S482.292[农业科学—农药学]