水稻和小麦累积镉和砷的机制与阻控对策  

Mechanisms of cadmium and arsenic accumulation in rice and wheat and related mitigation strategies

作　　者：史高玲 周东美 余向阳[1] 娄来清[3] 童非 樊广萍 刘丽珠[1] 高岩[1] SHI Gao-ling;ZHOU Dong-mei;YU Xiang-yang;LOU Lai-qing;TONG Fei;FAN Guang-ping;LIU Li-zhu;GAO Yan(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210023 [3]南京农业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2021年第5期1333-1343,共11页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目;江苏省科学技术协会青年科技人才托举工程项目(2019);国家自然科学基金项目(41601541)。

摘　　要：农作物可食用部位累积的镉和砷是人体摄入镉和砷的主要来源之一。研究农作物对镉和砷的累积机制,在此基础上研发阻控农作物对镉和砷累积的方法和技术,是保障被污染农田的安全利用和农产品质量安全的最有效途径,对解决农田镉、砷污染难题具有重大意义。鉴于水稻和小麦是中国最主要的粮食作物,本文就水稻和小麦对镉和砷的吸收、积累和转运机制进行了综述,比较和分析了镉、砷在土壤-作物系统中迁移、转化过程中的异同点及其相应的阻控对策,并探讨了该领域未来的研究方向。Accumulation of cadmium(Cd)and arsenic(As)in the edible parts of crops is a major source of As and Cd intake by humans.Studying the mechanisms of Cd and As accumulation and developing methods and technology for controlling Cd and As uptake and accumulation in food crops is the most effective way for guaranteeing safe utilization of the contaminated farmland and quality safety of agricultural products,and is of great significance to solve the problems of Cd and As contamination in the farmland.Given that rice and wheat are the most important food crops in our country,in this review,we summarized the mechanisms responsible for Cd and As absorption,accumulation and transportation in rice and wheat plants.Similarities and differences between Cd and As migration and transformation process in soil-crops system and the strategies to mitigate Cd and As accumulation in rice and wheat grains were discussed.The future researches in this field were also prospected.

关 键 词：镉 砷 水稻 小麦 吸收 积累 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]