积极老龄化框架下高龄农民工的养老困境与制度破解  

Old-age Migrant Workers’ Pension Dilemma and System Cracking Under the Framework of Active Aging

作　　者：谢娅婷 郭秋菊[2] Xie Yating;Guo Qiuju

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学社会治理创新研究中心,河南郑州450046 [2]华中科技大学社会学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2021年第10期87-94,共8页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“老年农民工的养老风险分析与应对政策研究”(21CRK008)。

摘　　要：当前,我国即将步入中度老龄化社会,但老龄社会的治理能力不足问题凸显,特别是高龄农民工的养老困境亟待破解。根据积极老龄化框架对高龄农民工生存现状及养老困境进行分析发现:(1)高龄农民工身体健康方面困境表现为缺乏健康管理、慢性病高发,以及心理健康方面代际回馈断裂,缺少心理关怀的问题正成为降低其老年生活质量的主要动因;(2)高龄农民工政治参与融入难、社会参与精力少、文化参与层次低是其参与能力和参与积极性的重要影响因素;(3)高龄农民工保障主要有制度性保障不健全和机制性保障不完善,以及养老保障性别和城乡差异等问题长期存在。因此,为破解高龄农民工养老难题,采用积极老龄化分析框架,从高龄农民工现状、困境与需求着手,关注高龄农民工身心健康,促进其政治、社会和文化参与,提出健全流动人口管理体制,缩小性别及城乡之间社会保障差距,改革和完善高龄农民工养老保障制度和管理体制等政策建议。On the verge of a moderately aging society, China’s insufficient governance capacity of the aging society becomes a prominent problem. The pension dilemma of the elderly migrant workers especially needs to be resolved urgently. Based on the framework of active aging, this paper analyzes the survival status and pension dilemma of elderly migrant workers and finds that:(1)The physical health dilemma of elderly migrant workers is manifested as the lack of health management, high incidence of chronic diseases, and the interruption of intergenerational feedback in mental health. The lack of psychological care is becoming the main cause of reducing the quality of life for them;(2)The difficulty in political participation and integration of elderly migrant workers,lack of energy for social participation and low level of cultural participation are the important factors affecting their participation ability and enthusiasm;(3)Security problems for them have long existed, such as lack of institutional and institutional security, gender and urban-rural differences in pension security. Therefore, this paper mainly adopts the framework of active aging analysis to solve the old-age problems of elderly migrant workers. Starting from the current situation, predicament and needs of elderly migrant workers, this paper pays attention to their physical and mental health, promotes their political, social and cultural participation, proposes to improve the management system of the migrant population, and narrow the gap between gender and urban and rural social security, reform and improve the old-age security system and management system for elderly migrant workers etc.

关 键 词：高龄农民工养老 积极老龄化 老龄社会治理 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理]