建筑性能多目标优化设计方法及其应用--以遗传算法为例  

Multi-objective Optimization Design Method of Building Performance and Its Application:The Issue of Genetic Algorithm

作　　者：田一辛 黄琼[2] TIAN Yixin;HUANG Qiong

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055 [2]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072

出　　处：《新建筑》2021年第5期84-89,共6页New Architecture

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100700);陕西省教育厅专项科研项目(Z20210266)。

摘　　要：建筑性能目标众多且相互间存在矛盾关系。性能模拟预测设计要素对建筑性能的影响,而优化算法自动搜寻最优设计方案实现负相关性能目标的共赢,因此基于模拟和算法优化的性能优化设计方法备受关注。以遗传算法为例,从算法优化效率、性能模拟和多目标优化的整合方式、性能优化方法应用场景等多个方面对既有性能优化设计进行总结分析,发现建筑性能优化设计方法不仅搜索大量潜在方案,还擅长解决多变量多目标寻优问题,可以辅助建筑师制定设计决策。而后分析其国内应用的局限性,并阐明其未来发展方向。Building performance is numerous in objective and contradictory in relationship,and performance simulation can predict the effect design factor made on performance and automatically search out the optimum solution to achieve a win-win situation of negative correlation performance objectives through Optimization Algorithm.Therefore,multi-objective optimization based on simulation has attracted increasing attention.This paper,from the perspectives of algorithm optimization efficiency,integrated performance simulation and multi-objective optimization method,and performance optimization method utility,summarizes and analyzes the existing performance optimization design,finds out that building performance optimization design method can not only search out a quantity of potential schemes,but also excel in defining the optimal solution of problems with multi-variables and multi-objectives,and thus assisting architects to make design decisions.However,domestic performance optimization methods are based on parametric design platform,which is limited in algorithm and insufficient in data analysis for optimal results.It is supposed to develop performance optimization methods based on optimization platform to discover the underlying pattern of optimization results.For further development,it is needed to expand the performance objectives and design variables,and reduce the duration of performance optimization.

关 键 词：建筑性能模拟 多目标优化 遗传算法 最优解 

分 类 号：TU-023[建筑科学—建筑理论]