儿童肾移植受者术后生存质量和心理状况现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of current situation and influencing factors of postoperative quality of life and psychological status of pediatric recipients after kidney transplantation

作　　者：周苗苗 朱有华 赵闻雨 王凤娇 濮世俊 李烟花 Zhou Miaomiao;Zhu Youhua;Zhao Wenyu;Wang Fengjiao;Pu Shijun;Li Yanhua(Department of Organ Transplantation,the First Affiliated Hospital of Navy Military Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学第一附属医院器官移植科,上海200433

出　　处：《器官移植》2021年第6期713-719,共7页Organ Transplantation

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(19ZR1478200);海军军医大学第一附属医院第四期护理科研立项课题(2021HLCY06)。

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童肾移植受者术后生存质量和心理状况现状并分析其影响因素。方法选取96例儿童肾移植受者为研究对象,收集受者的一般资料,采用儿童生存质量量表(PedsQLTM3.0)评估其生存质量,采用长处和困难问卷(SDQ)评估其心理状况,对儿童肾移植受者术后生存质量和心理状况的影响因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果儿童肾移植受者术后生存质量总分为(71±14)分,困难总分为(12.4±5.8)分。单因素分析结果显示,性别、术后体质量指数(BMI)和肾移植术后并发症是儿童肾移植受者术后生存质量总分的影响因素(均为P<0.05);性别、肾移植术后并发症和肾移植术后随访时间是儿童肾移植受者困难总分的影响因素(均为P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,性别、术后BMI、肾移植术后并发症、肾移植前透析种类是儿童肾移植受者术后生存质量的影响因素,性别、肾移植术后并发症、肾移植术后随访时间是儿童移植受者术后心理状况的影响因素(均为P<0.05)。结论儿童肾移植受者术后生存质量和心理状况较好,临床中应重点关注女性、术后BMI偏低、肾移植术后出现并发症及肾移植术后随访时间较短的患儿,预防性给予干预措施,进一步提高生存质量。Objective To evaluate the current situation of quality of life and psychological status of pediatric recipients after kidney transplantation and analyze the influencing factors.Methods Ninety-six pediatric recipients undergoing kidney transplantation were enrolled in this study.Baseline data of the recipients were collected.The quality of life was assessed by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0(PedsQLTM3.0).The psychological status was evaluated by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ).The influencing factors of postoperative quality of life and psychological status of pediatric kidney transplant recipients were subject to univariate and multivariate analyses.Results The total score of quality of life of pediatric kidney transplant recipients was(71±14)and(12.4±5.8)for the total difficulty score.Univariate analysis showed that gender,postoperative body mass index(BMI)and postoperative complications were the influencing factors of the total score of quality of life of pediatric kidney transplant recipients(all P<0.05).Gender,postoperative complications and follow-up time were the influencing factors of the total difficulty score of pediatric kidney transplant recipients(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis demonstrated that gender,postoperative BMI,postoperative complications,dialysis type before kidney transplantation were the influencing factors of postoperative quality of life of pediatric kidney transplant recipients,whereas gender,postoperative complications and follow-up time were the influencing factors of postoperative psychological status(all P<0.05).Conclusions The quality of life and psychological status of pediatric kidney transplant recipients are good.In clinical practice,special attention should be paid to those children who are female,with low BMI after kidney transplantation,postoperative complications and short follow-up time.Preventive interventions are recommended to further improve the quality of life of the children.

关 键 词：儿童肾移植 生存质量 心理状况 营养状况 影响因素 体质量指数 儿童生存质量量表 长处和困难问卷 

分 类 号：R617[医药卫生—外科学] R395.1[医药卫生—临床医学]