《民法典》之后商事登记立法思考  

Thoughts on the Legislation of Commercial Registration after Civil Code

作　　者：孙悦 范健[1] SUN Yue;FAN Jian(School of Law,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210093)

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第5期40-50,共11页Journal of Yangzhou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“把社会主义核心价值观融入法治建设”(18VHJ002);国家社会科学基金一般项目“民法典编纂后的商事立法研究”(17BFX008);司法部政府法制研究中心政府法制课题“中国特色法治营商环境制度研究”(2019SFBZFFZ001);南京大学博士研究生创新研究项目“有限责任公司内部纠纷解决机制建构”(CXYJ2108)。

摘　　要：商事登记是现代社会经济活动的前提,更是构建经济秩序、维护经济稳定乃至社会稳定的基础。《民法典》奉行民商合一,对于便利商事主体和优化营商环境具有重要意义和作用,但其未对商事登记制度作出特别安排,关涉商事登记的规定散见于“法人”部分,这容易引起营利性经营主体规则与行为规则构建相对失衡,导致商事登记单行立法与《民法典》的不协调甚至冲突。这一现象将对中国经济秩序的建立和法制的统一性构成一定的制度性风险。弥补《民法典》制度性缺失的有效路径是制定《商法通则》,设置“商事登记”章节,构筑完备的一般性商事登记规则体系,以应对商事登记立法分散、概念不统一、理念不清晰、规则不协调等现实问题。Commercial registration is not only the premise of modern social and economic activities,but also the basis of building economic order,maintaining economic stability and even social stability.Civil Code does not make special arrangements for the commercial registration system,and the provisions related to commercial registration are scattered in the part of “legal person”,which easily leads to the relative imbalance between the rules of profit-making business entities and the rules of conduct,resulting in the disharmony and serious conflict between the separate legislation of commercial registration and Civil Code.This phenomenon will pose a certain institutional risk to the establishment of China s economic order and the unity of the legal system.The effective way to make up for the institutional deficiency of Civil Code is to formulate General Principles of Commercial Law,set up the chapter of “commercial registration”,and build a complete general commercial registration rule system to deal with the practical problems such as decentralized commercial registration legislation,inconsistent concepts,unclear ideas and uncoordinated rules.

关 键 词：《民法典》 商事登记 商事主体 商法通则 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]